
Finding affordable health insurance for your small business in Connecticut can be a daunting task, but it doesn't have to be.
There are several options available, including the Connecticut Small Business Health Options Program (SHOP) and private insurance plans.
The SHOP program offers a range of plans from different insurance companies, with premiums that can be as low as $300 per employee per month.
You'll also need to consider factors such as deductibles, copays, and out-of-pocket maximums when choosing a plan.
The Connecticut Insurance Department recommends that small business owners consider their business's size, type, and budget when selecting a health insurance plan.
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Benefits and Options
In Connecticut, small businesses have several options for providing health benefits to their employees. The most affordable option is a standard group health care plan, which can cost an employee and their family over $24,000 per year.
Prices for health insurance vary depending on age, with employees in Connecticut paying an average of over $6,005 per year. This is more than the national average.
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There are alternative options to traditional health insurance, including Health Savings Accounts (HSAs), Health Reimbursement Arrangements (HRAs), Direct Primary Care (DPC) memberships, and health sharing programs. These options may be suitable for small businesses with specific needs and budgets.
The ACA (Affordable Care Act) requires all qualifying health plans to offer 10 standardized essential benefits, including ambulatory patient services, emergency services, hospitalization, and more. These benefits are designed to provide comprehensive coverage for employees and their families.
Here are the 10 standardized essential benefits required by the ACA:
- Ambulatory patient service
- Emergency services*
- Hospitalization
- Maternity and newborn care*
- Mental health and substance use disorder services including behavioral health treatment*
- Prescription drugs*
- Rehabilitative and habilitative services and devices
- Preventive and wellness and chronic disease management for adults and children, including 100% coverage for some services*
- Pediatric service, including oral and vision care*
*Lifetime dollar limits on these essential health benefits have been eliminated.
Employer-Sponsored Plans
Employer-sponsored plans can be a good option for small businesses in Connecticut, but they come with some drawbacks. Traditional health insurance plans must include the 10 minimum essential coverages required by the Affordable Care Act, which can be costly.
The 10 essential coverages include ambulatory services, emergency services, hospitalization, and more. These coverages can be beneficial for employees, but they may not be practical for every worker. For example, not all employees need maternity coverage.
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In Connecticut, most employers opt for traditional group health plans, but they can be expensive. The cost of providing health insurance is high, especially for industries with high labor costs. This can be a burden for small businesses.
One advantage of traditional health insurance is guaranteed enrollment. If an employee doesn't enroll during the initial period or a special open enrollment, the insurance company can't refuse to cover them or charge a higher rate due to their medical records.
However, traditional health insurance can be inflexible and may not meet the specific needs and budgets of employees. Group health insurance is often a one-size-fits-all strategy that doesn't address individual needs.
Here are the 10 minimum essential coverages required by the Affordable Care Act:
- Patients can receive ambulatory services without needing to go into hospital.
- Emergency services
- Hospitalization can include overnight hospitalizations and surgery.
- The care of newborns, pregnant women, and mothers (both before and afterwards)
- Treatment for substance abuse disorders, mental illness and behavioral problems (including counseling and therapy)
- Prescription drugs
- Rehabilitative devices and services (devices that assist those who have disabilities or are injured to gain mental or physical skills)
- Laboratory services
- Prevention and Wellness Services and Chronic Disease Management
- Dental and Vision coverage for children (adults are not covered by essential health benefits).
It's essential for small businesses to carefully evaluate their options and consider the specific needs of their employees. A full analysis and specific recommendations can be obtained for each company and staff in Connecticut.
Health Insurance Plans
In Connecticut, you can choose from standardized plans that make it easier to compare costs and benefits. These plans are categorized into four metals: Bronze, Silver, Gold, and Platinum.
Each metal plan has a specific ratio of what the insurer pays versus what you pay. For example, a Bronze plan has the insurer paying 60% and you paying 40%.
The Bronze plan is a good option if you're looking for a lower premium, but be aware that you'll pay more out-of-pocket for healthcare costs. A Silver plan, on the other hand, has the insurer paying 70% and you paying 30%.
Here's a breakdown of the metal plans and their corresponding ratios:
Keep in mind that all metal plans have a shared maximum out-of-pocket amount that you can be charged in any calendar year.
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Health Savings Accounts
Health Savings Accounts are a game-changer for small businesses in Connecticut, offering a way to help employees manage healthcare costs and lower premiums.
Employer contributions to Health Savings Accounts are fully deductible from Connecticut Corporate Income Tax as a compensation cost, providing a valuable tax benefit.
HSAs allow both employees and their employers to contribute up to the annual limit set by Congress, and the money grows tax-deferred.
To be eligible for pretax employer contributions, employees must first enroll in a High Deductible Health Plan, which has a deductible of at least $3,000 for individuals and $1,500 for families in 2023.
The HSA SECURE Plan, available through HSA for America, is a great option for self-employed individuals or small business owners, but it's not available for W-2 workers.
This plan preserves an employee's eligibility for pre-tax contributions to a health savings account, making it an excellent way to save on expenses.
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Qualifications for HSAs
To qualify for a Health Savings Account (HSA), you'll need to enroll in a High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP). In 2023, this means having a deductible of at least $3,000 for individuals or $1,500 for families.
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To be eligible for pretax employer contributions towards an HSA, you must first enroll in a HDHP. This plan can have a maximum of $7,500 in annual out-of-pocket expenditures, including deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance.
A HDHP can only have a maximum of $7,500 in annual out-of-pocket expenditures, including deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance. This limit is higher for families.
If you already have an HSA established, you can still make pretax contributions on behalf of your employees up to the limit set by Congress each year.
Combining HSAs with Sharing
You can combine HSAs with health sharing plans, but it's not as straightforward as you might think. Only one major health sharing plan preserves an employee's eligibility for pre-tax contributions to a health savings account: The HSA SECURE Plan, available through HSA for America.
This plan is specifically designed for self-employed individuals or small business owners. To enroll, you must own a small business or be self-employed, and it won't be available for straight W-2 workers.
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The HSA SECURE Plan can be a game-changer for small business owners who want to save on expenses. It's an excellent way for them to offer their employees a health savings account while also reducing their own costs.
If you're considering combining HSAs with health sharing, keep in mind that it may not be feasible for everyone. The HSA SECURE Plan requires the employee to have a side business, be self-employed, or have other part-time work, and they must be in excellent health.
By combining HSAs with health sharing, you can potentially save thousands of dollars per year per employee. Businesses in Connecticut, for example, can save up to 50% on premiums compared to traditional group health insurance plans.
Combining different programs can also be a wise move. Consider pairing a health sharing plan with a Direct Primary Care plan (DPC) for primary care and a health savings account for catastrophic events.
This strategy can be more affordable than traditional group health insurance, giving your company, your employees, or both more flexibility and possibly lower costs.
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Healthcare Reform and Regulations
As of January 1, 2014, most U.S. citizens and legal residents are required by law to have qualifying health care coverage or pay an annual tax penalty for every month they go without insurance.
The individual mandate is a provision of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as ObamaCare. This law became effective in 2010 and has continued to phase in its provisions since then.
The penalty for not having qualifying coverage is $95 per adult and $47.50 per child or 1% of your taxable income; whichever is higher (up to $285 per family). This penalty increases annually through 2017 and beyond.
All qualifying plans must offer these 10 standardized essential benefits:
- Ambulatory patient service
- Emergency services
- Hospitalization
- Maternity and newborn care
- Mental health and substance use disorder services including behavioral health treatment
- Prescription drugs
- Rehabilitative and habilitative services and devices
- Preventive and wellness and chronic disease management for adults and children, including 100% coverage for some services
- Pediatric service, including oral and vision care
Lifetime dollar limits on these essential health benefits have been eliminated.
Individual and Small Business Health Insurance
If you're a small business owner in Connecticut, you have several options for health insurance for yourself and your employees. You can enroll in the individual marketplace as a sole proprietor, and we offer five plans through Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield – national coverage, PPO plans with out-of-network coverage.
As a small business, you can also consider a traditional group health plan, which is the most affordable option and most prevalent choice. However, prices can vary depending on your age, and according to the Kaiser Family Foundation, an employee and their family would pay $24,018, or nearly $3,000 over the national average.
You may also want to consider alternative options, such as Health Savings Accounts (HSAs), HRAs, Direct Primary Care (DPC) memberships, or health sharing programs. These options can provide more flexibility and cost savings for your business and employees.
In Connecticut, small businesses often drop group health benefits altogether and establish an HRA, which is a tax-free benefit funded by employers that reimburses employees for their individual health care costs. This can be a cost-effective option for both employers and employees.
Here are the four metal plans designated by the ACA, which can help you compare costs and benefits:
Access Health CT is a great resource for small business owners, offering tax credits worth up to 50% of your premium costs if you use the state exchange. If you own a small business in Connecticut with 50 or fewer full-time-equivalent employees, you can purchase qualifying coverage for your employees through Access Health CT Small Business or through a private broker or insurance agent.
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Tax and Financial Assistance
Traditional health insurance premiums are tax deductible for employers, and may even qualify for a tax credit.
Employers can claim a Federal Tax Credit of up to 50% of employee healthcare costs if they have fewer than 25 employees and pay at least half the premiums.
To qualify for this credit, the average annual salary of employees must be around $53,000, excluding owner salaries.
This credit is available to both for-profit and non-profit businesses.
Employers with more than 25 employees or average annual wages exceeding $53,000 do not qualify.
Contributions to Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) are tax deductible for employers and pre-tax for employees, up to certain limits.
HSA withdrawals for qualified medical expenses are tax-free, but withdrawals for non-medical expenses are taxable and may incur a 20% penalty until age 65.
Direct primary care costs are tax deductible for employers, but taxable to employees.
Health sharing costs are tax deductible for employers, but taxable to employees as ordinary W-2 income.
Health Reimbursement Arrangements (HRAs) are tax deductible for employers and provide non-taxable benefits to employees.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can a small business write off health insurance?
Yes, a small business can write off health insurance premiums, but only up to the amount of earned income from the business. This deduction can also include premiums paid for employees, which are considered employee benefit program expenses.
Sources
- https://hsaforamerica.com/connecticut-small-business-health-insurance/
- https://www.harvardpilgrim.org/hapiguide/health_plan_ct/
- https://www.einsurance.com/insurance-guide/connecticut/health-insurance/
- https://ctnewsjunkie.com/2024/06/24/op-ed-employee-health-benefit-consortiums-lifeline-for-connecticuts-small-businesses/
- https://accesshealthctsmallbiz.com/for-businesses/
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