To ensure contactless credit card security, it's essential to understand the technology behind it. Contactless payments use Near Field Communication (NFC) to facilitate transactions.
Card issuers and banks have implemented various security measures to protect cardholders. These measures include encryption, tokenization, and secure authentication.
A single transaction limit of $100 can be set on contactless cards, which can help prevent large unauthorized transactions. This limit can be adjusted by the card issuer.
Cardholders can also set a daily spending limit on their contactless cards, providing an additional layer of protection. This can be done through the card issuer's mobile app or online platform.
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What Is Contactless Credit Card?
A contactless credit card is a type of payment card that allows you to make transactions without physically inserting your card or signing a receipt. It uses radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to communicate with the payment terminal.
The contactless credit card has a small chip embedded in it, which stores your account information. This chip is designed to be secure and resistant to hacking.
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To make a contactless payment, you simply tap your card on the payment terminal. The terminal then communicates with your card to verify the transaction.
Contactless credit cards use a technology called EMV (Europay, Mastercard, and Visa) to secure transactions. EMV uses a unique code for each transaction, making it difficult for hackers to intercept and use your card information.
Some contactless credit cards have a transaction limit, which is the maximum amount you can spend without entering your PIN. This limit varies depending on the card issuer and can range from $25 to $100.
Contactless credit cards are widely accepted at many merchants, including stores, restaurants, and gas stations. They're also accepted online, through mobile wallets like Apple Pay and Google Pay.
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Security Features
Contactless credit cards create a unique, one-time code or password for each transaction, known as tokenization. This process reduces risk by making the code unuseable again.
Visa considers contactless payments one of the most secure ways to pay. Each transaction is a secure process.
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A transaction amount limit may be set by your bank or country of origin, which can add an extra level of security. This can be a total limit or a soft limit where any amount above the threshold requires a PIN or signature.
Contactless payment data is encrypted and highly unlikely to be useful to someone collecting it. This is a reassuring feature for those concerned about data security.
Contactless cards are extremely difficult to counterfeit, similar to EMV technology. This is a significant advantage over other payment methods.
Data cannot be extracted using a long-range RFID reader, as contactless cards require a close distance to transmit information – usually about 4 cm or less.
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How It Works
Contactless credit cards use radio-frequency identification (RFID) and near-field communication (NFC) technologies to communicate with card readers.
These technologies enable the card to securely authenticate your card information in a matter of seconds.
The card reader sends the transaction to the card issuer, such as Capital One, for analysis and approval.
This process is quicker than inserting or dipping a chip card, and way faster than using cash.
Contactless cards also come with an EMV chip and a magnetic stripe, giving you options at checkout in case the store doesn't have contactless readers.
The terminal at the checkout sends out a signal that creates an electromagnetic field, which is picked up by the antenna around the chip in your card.
This powers the chip to exchange encrypted data with the terminal and complete the transaction within seconds.
In fact, it's about 10 times faster than swiping or inserting your card.
For security, contactless cards use tokenization to secure the payment information transmitted during each transaction.
Tokenization creates a unique, one-time code that's used for the transaction instead of transmitting your actual card details, making these transactions as safe as swiping or inserting the card into the terminal.
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Usage and Locations
You can use your contactless credit or debit card at thousands of merchants in grocery stores, fast-food restaurants, convenience stores, and gas stations across the country.
Public transit systems in cities like Chicago, Miami, New York City, and Portland also let riders pay fares using contactless cards.
To find out which merchants support contactless payments in your area, check out Mastercard's handy contactless locator.
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Card Usage Locations
You can use your contactless credit or debit card at thousands of merchants in grocery stores, fast-food restaurants, convenience stores, and gas stations across the country. Many of these merchants have already adopted contactless technology.
Public transit systems in cities like Chicago, Miami, New York City, and Portland let riders pay fares using contactless cards. This makes it easy to get around without needing cash or a separate transit card.
Checking Mastercard's contactless locator is a great way to see which merchants support contactless payments in your area. This can help you plan your shopping trips and daily commutes accordingly.
Mobile Apps and Wallets
Mobile Apps and Wallets are becoming increasingly popular for contactless payments. They're essentially apps stored on your smartphone that let you use your phone as a credit or debit card.
To use them, simply enable your smartphone's contactless pay capability, download the desired applications or link credit cards and credit card accounts to those already installed. Just bring your phone within two to four inches of a card reader, and the transaction will take care of itself.
Google Pay and Apple Pay are two of the most popular mobile wallets in use today. These services connect a credit or debit card from your preferred bank to your mobile phone's payment platform.
Mobile apps and wallets offer added security by requiring users to provide transaction authorization from the phone. This means a fingerprint, face identification, or code will be requested whenever a transaction is made.
Potential Risks
Contactless credit cards have a limited range of about 1-2 inches, making them less vulnerable to unauthorized transactions. This proximity-based security feature helps prevent hackers from intercepting transactions remotely.
However, this doesn't mean contactless credit cards are completely secure. In fact, a single card can be used to make multiple payments, raising concerns about the potential for card skimming or other forms of fraud.
Card skimming, in particular, is a risk when using contactless credit cards at unsecured payment terminals.
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Short-Range Skimming
Short-range skimming is a potential risk, but it's not as straightforward as it sounds. A fraudster would need to access contactless cards in someone's pocket or bag in crowded public spaces like the subway.
This type of skimming is impossible to clone a contactless card, as a hidden reader like a smartphone can't collect enough data to make a counterfeit card.
Collecting enough data from the card to complete an online purchase is also impossible, thanks to the way contactless chip cards work.
Only a genuine POS, provided by an acquiring bank, can communicate with the card, and a fraudster using a genuine POS would get caught by the acquiring bank and processing network.
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Stolen Card Repeated Purchases
Repeated purchases with a stolen card are possible, but the total possible fraud amount is negligible.
The number of contactless transactions that can be made in a row with a contactless EMV card is limited in many countries.
A reset with chip and PIN in contact mode is required after a certain number of transactions, or the card will automatically stop functioning in contactless mode.
The issuing bank will cover small amounts when a contactless card is reported lost or stolen.
Sources
- https://www.capitalone.com/learn-grow/privacy-security/contactless-credit-cards/
- https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/markets/digital-identity-and-security/banking-payment/cards/contactless/how-it-works
- https://www.forbes.com/advisor/credit-cards/contactless-payments/
- https://www.nmi.com/resources/blog/how-contactless-payments-work-and-work-securely/
- https://fortispay.com/info/in-the-media/what-is-a-contactless-credit-card/
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