USDA RD Mortgage Program Explained

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The USDA RD Mortgage Program is a unique financing option that can help you purchase a home in a rural area. It's a great option for those who want to live in a more peaceful and natural environment.

The USDA RD Mortgage Program is guaranteed by the US Department of Agriculture, which means that the government backs the loan. This guarantee allows lenders to offer more favorable terms, such as lower interest rates and lower down payments.

To be eligible for the USDA RD Mortgage Program, you'll need to meet certain income and credit requirements. The maximum income limits vary by area, but generally, you'll need to earn no more than 115% of the median income for the area.

What is USDA RD Mortgage

A USDA RD mortgage is a type of loan that's guaranteed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). This loan is designed to help low-to-moderate income borrowers purchase a home in rural areas.

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To qualify for a USDA-guaranteed mortgage, your household income can't exceed 115% of the median income in your county. You can check the income limit for your area using the USDA map and table.

You must also be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident to apply. And, you'll need to have a proven history of dependable income.

A credit score of at least 640 is required for streamlined processing, but borrowers without credit history can be evaluated through alternative criteria. This is good news for those who may not have established credit yet.

The monthly payment on the loan, including principal, interest, insurance, and taxes, must be 29% or less of your monthly income. And, other monthly debt payments can't exceed 41% of your income.

Eligibility and Requirements

To qualify for a USDA RD mortgage, you'll need to meet certain eligibility requirements. The USDA doesn't have a minimum credit score requirement, but most lenders allow you to qualify with scores as low as 640.

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You must be a U.S. citizen or eligible noncitizen to apply for a USDA loan. Borrowers who have been prohibited from federal programs won't be eligible for a Single Family Housing Direct Home Loan. This mortgage can't be used to finance a property that is valued above the area's loan limit.

To be eligible for a USDA home loan, you must have a dependable income and a reasonable credit score. The USDA program is a true no-money-down loan, but you'll need to meet income limits, which vary by county and metro area. You can find your county's income limit on the USDA's website.

The property you're buying must be located in a rural area, as designated by the USDA. The current areas eligible for USDA financing contain more land than you might think. In fact, if you look at 10 prospective homes in your area, chances are good that 8 or 9 of them will be eligible for the USDA program.

To qualify for a USDA-guaranteed mortgage, your household income must not exceed 115% of the median income in the county where your new house is located. You can find the income limit for your county on the USDA's map and table. Other monthly debt payments cannot exceed 41% of your income.

You can't use a USDA loan to buy an investment property or vacation home. These loans are intended for primary residences only. You'll need to move into the home within 60 days of closing.

Benefits and Features

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The USDA RD mortgage offers several benefits and features that make it an attractive option for homebuyers. The primary benefit is that you can put little or no money down to secure your home loan, although you will have the requirement of mortgage insurance.

Low-income borrowers are eligible for subsidies to lower interest rates, making it easier to afford a home. You can also use loans and grants to make repairs and improvements to existing homes if they need them.

No down payment is required, making it a true no-money-down loan. This is a unique feature that sets it apart from other mortgage options.

The USDA program allows you to borrow up to the home's appraised value, plus the USDA upfront guarantee fee. However, you are not required to finance the upfront guarantee fee.

Here are the key features of a USDA loan at a glance:

  • Moderate income limits apply – based on family size
  • No down payment required.
  • No Prepayment Penalties.
  • Purchase and Refinance: 1% upfront guarantee fee that can be rolled into the loan
  • 0.35% Yearly fee paid monthly
  • Competitive 30-year fixed interest rates.
  • No maximum loan amount.
  • No limits on cash contributions.
  • Not restricted to first-time buyers
  • The home must be occupied as your permanent residence.

You'll likely pay a lower interest rate on a USDA loan than on a conventional mortgage, thanks to the government backing. This can save you money over the life of the loan.

How to Apply and Qualify

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To apply for a USDA RD mortgage, you'll need to meet certain eligibility requirements. First, you must be a U.S. citizen or permanent resident.

Your household income must not exceed 115% of the median income in the county where your new house is located. You can find the income limit for your county by consulting the USDA map and table.

You'll need to have a proven history of dependable income and a credit history that demonstrates a reliable ability to repay debts. A credit score of at least 640 is required to qualify for streamlined processing, but borrowers without credit history can be evaluated through alternative criteria.

To qualify for a USDA-guaranteed home loan, your monthly payment, including principal, interest, insurance, and taxes, must be 29% or less of your monthly income. Other monthly debt payments cannot exceed 41% of your income.

Here are the income limits for each household size, based on the USDA map and table:

You'll need to demonstrate at least one year of solid employment if you're employed full-time, or two years if you're self-employed. Credit scores are also important, requiring an applicant's score to be 640 or above.

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The USDA directly issues loans to certain low-income borrowers, but these loans are for the lowest income borrowers and have stricter criteria. Borrowers who have been prohibited from federal programs won't be eligible for a Single Family Housing Direct Home Loan.

The application process can take less than 30 days in many cases, and you can get pre-approved and have your personal mortgage banker guide you through the process.

Consider reading: Housing Loan Procedure

Frequently Asked Questions

Is RD the same as USDA?

RD (Rural Development) is a mission area within the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture), providing financial resources and support to rural communities. While they are related, RD and USDA are not exactly the same, with RD focusing specifically on rural development.

Ann Lueilwitz

Senior Assigning Editor

Ann Lueilwitz is a seasoned Assigning Editor with a proven track record of delivering high-quality content to various publications. With a keen eye for detail and a passion for storytelling, Ann has honed her skills in assigning and editing articles that captivate and inform readers. Ann's expertise spans a range of categories, including Financial Market Analysis, where she has developed a deep understanding of global economic trends and their impact on markets.

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