
Temporary buydowns can be a great way to make homeownership more affordable. They're essentially a short-term reduction in your monthly mortgage payment.
These reductions are usually made in the form of a lower interest rate, which can save you hundreds or even thousands of dollars per year. For example, a 2% buydown can lower your monthly payment by $200 to $300.
Buydowns can be offered by lenders, sellers, or even the government, and they often come with specific terms and conditions. For instance, a buydown might be tied to a specific loan program or a certain level of income.
What Is Rate Buydown?
A rate buydown is a temporary reduction in mortgage payments in the first year or two, achieved by subsidizing the interest rate. This means the borrower pays a lower interest rate initially, resulting in lower monthly payments.
The interest rate is temporarily lowered, allowing the borrower to make discounted payments for a year or more. For example, a borrower might get a mortgage at a 7% interest rate, but with a one-year buydown, their monthly payments are based on a 6% interest rate.
Suggestion: Buydown Mortgage

The borrower saves money on interest payments, which can add up over time. In the example above, the borrower saves about $197 a month in interest in the first year, for a total of $2,367.
The cost of the buydown is typically paid for by the seller or home builder, and is equal to the borrower's interest savings. This amount is deposited into a custodial account at closing, and the loan servicer draws from it to make up the difference between the full loan payment and the discounted bill.
Curious to learn more? Check out: Mortage Loan Credit Buydown Tax Deduction
What Sellers Gain
Sellers can lower their monthly payments by thousands of dollars with a temporary buydown.
Temporary buydowns can also increase the likelihood of selling the property quickly, as buyers are attracted to lower monthly payments.
Buyers are willing to pay more for a property with a temporary buydown because their monthly payments will be lower.
Negotiating a Buydown
Negotiating a buydown can be a great way to lower your initial mortgage payments. The lender must qualify the borrower at the full interest rate.

Either side can suggest a buydown, with the seller offering it proactively as a competitive tactic or the buyer requesting it as a seller's concession. Government-sponsored mortgage companies Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac impose limits on seller concessions, including temporary buydowns.
The limits vary depending on down payment size, and Fannie and Freddie restrict temporary buydowns to a maximum of three years. To soften payment shock, the effective interest rate can only jump one percentage point each year.
If this caught your attention, see: Seller Paid Rate Buydown
Negotiating a Buy
Negotiating a buydown can be a great way to get a better deal on your mortgage. Either the seller or the buyer can suggest a buydown, which is a temporary reduction in the interest rate on your loan.
The lender must qualify you at the full interest rate, which means they'll determine if you can afford to repay the loan after the rate reductions have run out. This is a crucial step to ensure you're not taking on more debt than you can handle.
A fresh viewpoint: Rate Buydown Cost

Government-sponsored mortgage companies like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have rules in place to limit seller concessions, including temporary buydowns. These limits vary depending on how much you've put down.
Temporary buydowns are restricted to a maximum of three years, which helps soften the payment shock when the rate reductions expire. The effective interest rate can only increase by one percentage point each year, so it won't jump drastically.
Options
Negotiating a buydown can be a complex process, but understanding your options can make a big difference. The lender must qualify the borrower at the full interest rate, which requires them to determine that the borrower can afford to repay the loan after the rate reductions have run out.
The seller can offer a buydown proactively as a competitive tactic, or the buyer can request one as a seller's concession. Government-sponsored mortgage companies Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac impose limits on seller concessions, including temporary buydowns.

Fannie and Freddie restrict temporary buydowns to a maximum of three years. The effective interest rate can only go up one percentage point each year, so the borrower's effective rate can't jump drastically.
Temporary buydowns can be a great option for borrowers. Guild has three temporary buydown options to help you get settled at the start of your loan.
Here are the temporary buydown options available:
- 1-year buydown (1-0): The rate is bought down for the first year.
- 2-year buydown (1-1 or 2-1): The rate is bought down for the first two years.
- 3-year buydown (3-2-1): The rate is bought down for the first three years.
Trying out a temporary buydown payment calculator can give you an idea of how much you may save.
Types of Buydowns
There are various types of buydowns to consider. The most common ones are a 3-2-1 buydown, a 2-1 buydown, a 1-1 buydown, and a 1-0 buydown.
A 3-2-1 buydown is a popular option, where the interest rate is reduced by 3% in the first year, 2% in the second year, and 1% in the third year. This can be a good choice for those who plan to sell their home within a few years.
The 2-1 buydown and 1-1 buydown structures are also widely used, offering a two-year and one-year interest rate reduction respectively.
Intriguing read: 321 Buydown
2-Year
A 2-year buydown can be a great option for homebuyers. Payment is 1% or 2% less than the note rate.
The reduced payment amount can make a big difference in your monthly mortgage expenses. This can be especially helpful if you're on a tight budget.
Think of it like this: if your note rate is 4%, a 2% buydown would bring your payment down to 2% below that rate. That's a significant savings.
With a 2-year buydown, your payment will go back up after two years. This can be a good option if you expect your income to increase or other financial circumstances to change.
Structures
Buydown structures can vary depending on the specific terms of the agreement.
A 3-2-1 buydown is one of the most common structures, where the interest rate is reduced by 3% for the first year, 2% for the second year, and 1% for the third year.
The 2-1 buydown structure reduces the interest rate by 2% for the first year and 1% for the second year, providing a more gradual decrease in interest rates.
For another approach, see: What Is a 2 1 Buydown Mortgage

A 1-1 buydown reduces the interest rate by 1% for the first year and maintains the same rate for the second year. This structure is simpler and less common than others.
The 1-0 buydown structure is the simplest, reducing the interest rate by 1% for the first year and maintaining the original rate for the remaining years.
Difference in Discount Points
Discount points are a way to permanently reduce the interest rate, and therefore the monthly payments. However, the monthly savings are less, typically reducing the interest rate by about one-quarter of a percentage point for every point paid.
The upfront cost of paying discount points can be substantial, and it usually takes six or seven years of regular payments for the accumulated savings to exceed the upfront cost.
Here's a comparison of the savings from discount points and temporary buydowns:
If you sell or refinance your home before the six-year mark, you'll leave money on the table with discount points.
How Buydowns Work
A temporary mortgage buydown is a great way to reduce your monthly mortgage payments, and it's actually quite simple. The buyer signs a temporary buydown mortgage agreement with a lender, and the seller or builder funds the temporary buydown mortgage with an upfront deposit.
The amount of the seller's deposit equals the amount of the buyer's savings over the buydown term. This deposit is held in an escrow account, which means it's set aside until it's needed.
The funds from the deposit are then paid out monthly to lower the buyer's mortgage payment. This can be a huge help to buyers who are trying to save money each month.
Here's a breakdown of the different types of buydowns:
You can choose from borrower-paid, lender-paid, seller-paid, or third-party-paid options, and you can use conventional, FHA, USDA, VA, or Jumbo financing options.
Advantages and Trends
Temporary buydowns offer several advantages, including immediate impact on mortgage payments, which can be especially helpful for first-time homebuyers who are easing into homeownership.

One of the benefits is that the rate is protected if interest rates rise, giving homeowners peace of mind.
The temporary buydown also allows for refinancing later if interest rates drop, providing an opportunity to adjust the mortgage terms.
Savings for the buyer are a significant advantage, as the buydown doesn't lower the sale price of the home.
Permanent vs. Temporary
Permanent buydowns are a type of mortgage discount that stays with the loan for its entire term, meaning you'll save money on your monthly payments for as long as you own the property.
A permanent buydown can be worth up to 3% of the original loan amount, which is a significant reduction in interest payments over the life of the loan.
Temporary buydowns, on the other hand, are only a short-term solution and may not provide long-term savings.
Temporary buydowns typically last for a specific period, such as 2-5 years, and then revert back to the original loan terms.

In contrast, permanent buydowns can provide consistent savings on your monthly payments for years to come.
Permanent buydowns can be a great option for homeowners who plan to stay in their property for an extended period, as the savings can add up over time.
Temporary buydowns are often used as a temporary fix to make monthly payments more manageable, but they may not provide the same level of long-term savings as a permanent buydown.
A unique perspective: Permanent Hardness
Is a Buydown Right for You?
Before considering a temporary buydown, it's essential to weigh the pros and cons with a mortgage professional who can assess your current financial situation and long-term goals.
A temporary buydown can be a good option if you're looking to reduce your monthly mortgage payments, but it's crucial to understand that it's only a temporary solution.
To determine if a buydown is right for you, connect with an APM Loan Advisor who can provide personalized guidance based on your unique financial situation.
Suggestion: 2-1 Buydown Mortgage

It's also essential to consider the potential drawbacks of a temporary buydown, such as the added cost of the buydown program and the possibility of higher interest rates in the future.
Ultimately, the decision to pursue a temporary buydown should be based on your individual financial needs and goals, and it's always a good idea to consult with a mortgage professional before making a decision.
Frequently Asked Questions
How much does a 2:1 temporary buydown cost?
A 2:1 temporary buydown typically costs around 4.4% of the loan amount, which is double the 2.2% cost of a standard 1:1 buydown. This can significantly reduce your monthly mortgage payments, but the exact cost depends on your loan amount and interest rate.
Can a lender pay for a temporary buydown?
Yes, a lender can contribute to a temporary buydown. A lender's contribution can be part of a split payment with other parties, such as a seller or builder.
What is the 3 2 1 buydown rule?
A 3-2-1 buydown mortgage reduces the interest rate by 3% in year one, 2% in year two, and 1% in year three, resulting in a lower interest rate for the first three years of the loan. This temporary interest rate reduction can lead to significant savings for borrowers.
Sources
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/mortgages/the-property-line-october-2022
- https://crosscountrymortgage.com/mortgage/loans/programs/temporary-mortgage-buydown/
- https://www.freddiemac.com/research/insight/20230731-temporary-mortgage-rate-buydown-activity-spiked-in
- https://www.apmortgage.com/blog/interest-rate-hacks-to-reduce-your-monthly-payments
- https://www.guildmortgage.com/mortgage-loans/temporary-buydowns/
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