Income protection insurance is designed to replace a portion of your income if you're unable to work due to illness or injury. This type of insurance can provide financial support during a difficult time.
The amount of income you can claim varies depending on the policy, but typically ranges from 50% to 80% of your gross income. This is based on the assumption that you'll still have some expenses to cover, even if you're not working.
The income protection insurance coverage usually has a waiting period before you can start claiming benefits, which can range from 30 days to 90 days. This means you'll need to be out of work for a certain amount of time before you can start receiving payments.
What Is Income Protection?
Income protection insurance is designed to protect you in the event of a total or partial disability that prevents you from working. It will replace a percentage of your salary while you recover or find new employment.
High-risk occupations, like trade work, might find income protection insurance more relevant. If you work in a typically non-threatening environment and aren’t at significant medical risk, you might not see the need for income protection insurance.
Income protection insurance provides a replacement income stream should you become unable to work due to an injury or sickness. Benefits are paid monthly, not as a lump sum.
Having income protection insurance means you can benefit from regular tax-free payments. These payments will continue to pay out until you are able to return to work or until you retire.
Income protection doesn’t cover redundancy, but it offers financial support if you suffer a loss of earnings through an accident or illness. You can use this support to cover your monthly living expenses such as mortgage payments, household bills, and credit card payments while you recover.
How Income Protection Works
Income protection insurance is designed to support you if you're unable to work due to illness or injury. It pays a monthly benefit to replace your income, reducing financial pressure.
The monthly benefit is usually the equivalent of 50-65% of your gross salary, but some insurers offer up to 70%. It's essential to decide how much benefit you'd like to receive when researching your options.
You can usually select the waiting period, benefit period, and amount of income you want to insure when taking out income protection insurance. The waiting period is the time you must wait before being eligible to claim, which can range from two weeks to two years.
The benefit period is how long your insurer will continue to provide your monthly payments, often two or five years, but some policies allow payments to continue up to a specific age, such as 65.
Your insurable income is the amount of income that could be replaced, and the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) limits this to 90% of your gross income at the time of claim for the first six months, and then 70% after that.
Here's a breakdown of the key factors to consider when choosing an income protection policy:
What Is Covered?
Income protection insurance covers you if you're unable to work due to prolonged illness, severe partial disablement, or total disablement. You'll need to have used up your sick leave and served the waiting period required on your policy.
Typical exclusions include voluntary resignations, pre-existing conditions, pregnancy, and redundancy. Each policy defines partial or total disability differently, and some may cover you for any suitable job given your qualifications and experience.
Other income you receive, like government benefits, could lower the monthly payments you receive from your insurer. There are no restrictions on how you might use these payments.
Income protection insurance usually covers up to 90% of your pre-tax income in the first six months, and up to 70% for a specified time after six months. This is based on your 'pre-disability income', which is the 12 months prior to your injury or illness.
Some insurers cap your pre-disability income at a monthly figure, such as $10,000. Your level of cover may also vary based on whether you have a full or partial disability.
Here's a breakdown of what income protection insurance typically covers:
- Prolonged illness
- Severe partial disablement
- Total disablement
- Up to 90% of pre-tax income for the first six months
- Up to 70% of pre-tax income for a specified time after six months
Policy Details
Having multiple Income Protection policies can be beneficial, but it's essential to avoid over-insuring yourself. You can have more than one policy, but all policies that cover you against loss of income will be "offset" against each other.
You'll usually get a discount for larger monthly benefits if you have one policy, making it cheaper than multiple policies. However, some super funds offer inadequate benefits or restricted definitions, prompting you to take out another policy.
You can receive a payout from income protection, up to 90% of your pre-tax income in the first six months, and up to 70% after six months. Lump-sum payouts may also be available if you lodge a personal injury claim.
What Won't Cover?
Income protection insurance is designed to provide financial support in case you're unable to work due to illness or injury. However, it's essential to understand what it won't cover to avoid any surprises.
Redundancy, quitting your job, or being dismissed are all reasons why income protection insurance won't pay out. This is because these situations are typically not considered as a result of illness or injury.
Around 84% of income protection policies will pay out, according to the Association of British insurers. However, no insurance policy is ever guaranteed to payout.
Some common situations where your income protection insurance won't pay out include being made redundant, quitting your job, or being dismissed. These situations are not considered as a result of illness or injury.
Here are some examples of situations where your income protection insurance might not pay out:
- Redundancy
- Quitting your job
- Being dismissed
It's also worth noting that no insurance policy is ever guaranteed to payout, so it's essential to understand the terms and conditions of your policy before purchasing.
Policy Payout Limits
Your income protection policy will normally limit how much it will pay out to a maximum of 70% of your gross income. This is a standard rule across most policies.
Most policies will insure you for 50-65% of your earnings, but some may offer up to 90% in the first six months and 70% after that. It's essential to review your policy details to understand what you're covered for.
The payout limits can be influenced by factors like your income level and the type of policy you have. For example, if you have a variable income, the percentage will be based on your average annual income over an occupation-appropriate period.
Here's a breakdown of the typical payout limits:
- 50-65% of your earnings (most policies)
- Up to 90% of your gross income in the first six months
- Up to 70% of your earnings after six months
- £7,500 (or the equivalent) for fracture benefit payouts (some insurers)
Keep in mind that these limits may vary depending on your specific policy and insurer. It's always a good idea to review your policy documents and ask questions if you're unsure about any aspect of your coverage.
Agreed Value
You can buy a policy where your insured income is a percentage of an agreed amount at the time you signed up for the policy. This type of policy is called an "agreed value" policy.
Up to March 31, 2020, this option was available, but its availability after this date is unclear.
Companies
When choosing an income protection insurance provider, you have several options to consider. You may be surprised to learn that you already have income protection through a superfund like Australian Super.
There are many well-known providers on the market, such as AAMI and CommBank. You can also consider a bank like Suncorp or an income protection-specific provider like NobleOak.
If you're looking for more options, you can check out the list of providers below:
- Australian Super
- AAMI
- CommBank
- Suncorp
- NobleOak
Don't forget to research each provider thoroughly before committing to a policy, as you may already have income protection without realising.
Costs and Benefits
Income protection insurance premiums vary significantly, so it's essential to shop around and compare prices. Your premiums could be affected by your age, gender, job, health, medical history, lifestyle factors, and hobbies.
Your policy will give you the option of two to five years of cover, or it may last until you are a certain age. A longer benefit period means a more expensive policy.
The benefits of income protection include a payout in the event of illness or injury, money to pay for mortgage/rent/bills or transport, and flexibility to work with your existing employee benefits.
Here are some key points to consider when choosing your income protection policy:
- Stepped premiums are cheaper initially, but they increase as you get older.
- Level premiums are usually more expensive to begin with, but they don't increase in line with your age.
- A longer benefit period means a more expensive policy.
- The premium will also depend on how much you will insure, the waiting period, and how long the benefit will be paid for.
Costs
Shopping around and comparing insurance covers is often a good idea, as prices can vary significantly. This is because premiums are affected by various factors, including your age, gender, job, health, medical history, pre-existing conditions, lifestyle factors, and hobbies.
Age is a significant factor in determining premiums, with younger people generally paying less than older individuals. Gender is also a factor, with some insurers charging more for men than women.
Your job can also impact your premiums, with certain occupations considered higher risk. For example, if you have a job that involves high-risk activities, you may be charged more for your insurance.
Smoking status and lifestyle factors, such as whether you engage in high-risk hobbies like bungee jumping or motorsports, can also increase your premiums.
You can pay for income protection insurance with stepped or level premiums. Stepped premiums are cheaper initially but tend to increase as you get older, while level premiums are usually more expensive to begin with but remain the same over time.
Here are some key factors that determine how much income protection insurance might cost:
- Sum assured
- Deferred period
- Term of the policy
What Are the Benefits of?
Income protection insurance offers a range of benefits that can help you maintain a level of income if you're unable to work due to health reasons. This can provide peace of mind and reduce stress.
You can receive a payout in the event that you're too ill to work or have suffered an injury or accident. This payout can help you pay for your mortgage, rent, bills, or transport when you're out of work.
Income protection policies can be flexible, allowing you to work with your existing employee benefits, such as income replacement plans. You can also freeze your policy if you need to take a career break or are finding outgoings tough.
Some insurers will continue to pay an appropriately reduced monthly benefit if you return to work in a different or part-time role as a result of your illness or incapacity. This is called proportionate benefit.
You can also cover a non-working partner with your income protection policy, which can help with the costs of running a household while your partner recovers from an injury or health issue.
Here are some benefits of income protection insurance:
- A payout in the event that you're too ill to work or have suffered an injury or accident
- Money to pay for your mortgage/ rent/ bills or transport when out of work
- Flexibility to work with your existing employee benefits
- Proportionate benefit – if you return to work in a different/ part-time role or, lower income as a direct result of the illness or incapacity
- Flexibility to freeze your policy
- The ability to cover a non-working partner
Eligibility and Requirements
To be eligible for income protection insurance, you'll need to be employed, and your income will be calculated based on 70% of your current gross income, excluding employer superannuation contributions but including packaged fringe benefits.
If you're considering income protection insurance, you'll need to think about your budget and how you'll cope with a large drop in income if you choose not to cover the maximum monthly benefit.
Do You Need?
Do you need income protection insurance? Let's break it down. You might need it if you're single or have a family, and you rely on your income to pay the bills. Your income is your biggest asset, not your house or your car.
You need to ask yourself, "How would I survive without my income?" A 30-year-old earning an average wage of $80,000 per year will earn over $5 million by the time they turn 65. Most people rely on their income to pay the bills and maintain a certain living standard.
You might be able to tap into savings or passive income, but many people can't cover essential expenses like rent or mortgage payments, groceries, and energy bills without their regular wage. Income protection insurance can help with that.
It's especially important for small business owners and the self-employed, who may not have the luxury of sick leave or workers' compensation. They may have others reliant on them who will lose their jobs if the business collapses.
You can calculate your desired monthly benefit based on your circumstances and budget. For example, if you're employed, you can cover 70% of your current gross income. If you're self-employed, you can cover 70% of the income generated by your business due to your personal exertion.
Here's a rough guide to help you determine your monthly benefit:
Super Fund
Super Fund insurance is a convenient option, often cheaper than buying from other providers.
You can get income protection insurance through your super fund automatically if you meet certain criteria, or as an add-on you can purchase.
Buying insurance through your super fund often means premiums are deducted from your super balance.
However, there are some downsides, such as no tax deductions and fewer benefits and features.
Make sure to research your coverage within your fund to determine if it's right for you.
Purchasing and Claiming
You can buy income protection insurance directly from an insurance company, through an insurance broker or a financial adviser. It's a good idea to check if you already have income protection through your super fund, as most funds offer default income protection insurance.
To make a claim on your income protection policy, you'll need to provide evidence of your income, such as P60 and three payslips or tax returns, and proof of your medical condition in the form of a letter from a doctor or medical specialist.
Your insurer will assess your claim and if they're happy with the information, your benefit will commence in line with the particulars of your policy. The deferred period starts from the date you are off work sick.
If you have multiple income protection policies, your insurer will usually "offset" them against each other so that you don't receive more than the maximum 70% of your income.
How to Buy
You can buy income protection insurance through your super fund, but it's essential to check if you already have it. Most super funds offer default income protection insurance.
The maximum age for buying IP cover is 63, although some policies have a maximum age of 59. You can also buy IP cover directly from an insurance company or through an insurance broker or financial adviser.
Purchasing IP cover through your super fund can seem cheaper, but it reduces your super and uses dollars that are taxed at a lower rate. You can also buy standalone policies that allow a higher amount of cover, shorter waiting periods, and more features and benefits.
To purchase a policy, you need to research and compare different providers. You may already have income protection without realising, so make sure to check.
Buying income protection insurance through your super fund is often cheaper, but it has some downsides, such as no tax deductions and fewer benefits and features. Premiums are usually deducted from your super balance to cover the cost of this insurance.
You can explore other options, such as buying a direct or advised policy. Direct income protection insurance can be purchased from an insurer, while advised income protection insurance is obtained through a financial institution, such as a bank or financial advisor.
Taking out income protection insurance through your super fund can have benefits, but it's essential to consider your circumstances. Policies outside of a super fund can be tax deductible and may offer larger cover percentages.
Making a Claim
If you need to make a claim on your income protection policy, you'll typically follow a straightforward process.
You'll need to be too ill to work due to illness or injury, and your GP will need to confirm your diagnosis and that you're unable to return to work.
Your insurance company will require evidence of your income, such as your P60 and three payslips or tax returns.
You'll also need to provide proof of your medical condition, usually in the form of a letter from a doctor or medical specialist.
The good news is that most claims are paid - in fact, a review found that approximately 90% of all claims submitted were paid, with 93% of Income Protection insurance claims paid.
The most common reasons for declined claims are non-disclosure at the time of application and ineligibility due to policy definitions, limitations, exclusions, or pre-existing conditions.
Here are some common reasons for income protection claims, according to insurance claims statistics:
- Musculoskeletal conditions (e.g. back pain)
- Mental health disorders (e.g. stress)
- Cancers
- Accidents/injuries
- Nervous system disease
If you're a client of a company that offers ongoing service, they may be able to place the claim on your income protection policy for you and deal with any administration that might arise.
Recent Claims Paid to Customers
Recent claims paid to customers have varied in amount and duration. A 27-year-old carpenter received $4,800 over 2 months for a hand operation.
The amounts paid out can be substantial, as seen in the case of a 29-year-old administration worker who received $66,000 over 15 months due to mental illness. This highlights the importance of having adequate income protection in place.
Some claims are short-term, lasting only a few months, while others are ongoing, providing continuous financial support. For example, a 33-year-old physiotherapist received $15,000 over 3 months for a shoulder injury.
Long-term claims can be particularly costly, with a 34-year-old teacher receiving $106,500 over 3 years and ongoing for depression. This emphasizes the need for a comprehensive income protection plan.
Here are some examples of recent claims paid to customers:
Some claims are for specific injuries, such as a 45-year-old engineer who received $8,400 for a fractured hand.
Frequently Asked Questions
How to calculate income protection?
Income protection is typically 75% of your income, but you can choose a different percentage or 'agreed value' with your insurer. To determine your specific income protection, review your policy or consult with your insurer for personalized details.
What's the difference between life insurance and income protection?
Life insurance pays out upon death, while income protection provides financial support when you're unable to work due to illness or injury. Understanding the difference is key to protecting your loved ones and securing your financial future.
Is income protection the same as accident insurance?
No, Income Protection and Accident Insurance are not the same, as Income Protection focuses on income loss due to illness or injury, while Accident Insurance covers various types of insured injuries and may include a death component. Understanding the key differences between these two types of insurance can help you choose the right coverage for your needs.
Sources
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/au/personal-finance/income-protection-insurance
- https://www.forbes.com/advisor/au/life-insurance/what-is-income-protection-insurance/
- https://www.futureproofinsurance.co.uk/income-protection/
- https://www.insuranceline.com.au/income-protection-insurance/articles/what-is-income-protection
- https://www.insurancewatch.com.au/life-insurance-income-protection.html
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