
As a healthcare provider, you're not just treating patients, you're also responsible for protecting their sensitive information. A single HIPAA violation can result in fines of up to $1.5 million per year.
If you're found to be willfully neglecting HIPAA regulations, you can expect even steeper penalties. The government can impose fines of up to $50,000 for each violation, with a maximum penalty of $1.5 million per year.
HIPAA violations can also lead to reputational damage, which can be just as costly as the fines themselves. Patients may lose trust in your practice, and word of mouth can spread quickly.
Criminal Penalties
A HIPAA violation can have serious consequences, including steep fines and even imprisonment.
The Department of Justice (DOJ) takes over cases where a HIPAA violation is considered a criminal action.
These cases are categorized into three levels of severity, each with its own monetary fines.
A judge decides the length of imprisonment and the fine imposed, with more severe situations resulting in larger fines.
The maximum sentencing for a criminal HIPAA violation is limited, but the fine can be up to $250,000.
A tier-one criminal breach, also known as "Reasonable Cause", can result in a fine of up to $50,000 and/or imprisonment for up to one year.
This tier is for situations where someone intentionally discloses protected health information, but it's not malicious.
A tier-three violation, committed with "Malicious Intent", is the most severe form of a criminal HIPAA breach.
This can include selling or transferring individually identifiable health information for personal gain or to cause harm.
The punishments for a tier-three violation can include a fine of up to $250,000 and imprisonment for up to ten years.
Yes, a HIPAA violation is a crime, and even seemingly minor infractions can result in significant penalties, including fines and jail time.
Reporting and Self-Reporting
Reporting a HIPAA violation is a straightforward process. Anyone can file a complaint with the HHS through their online complaint portal, and it's essential to do so within 180 days of the violation, unless you can demonstrate a good reason for the delay.
You can also report a breach to the HHS if you're a business associate or individual who's been affected by a HIPAA violation. Covered entities have 60 days to report breaches involving fewer than 500 records, but they must report larger breaches immediately.
If you're a covered entity, you're required to report breaches to the HHS and take corrective action if necessary. The OCR will investigate the complaint and may request information from the covered entity to determine the extent of the violation.
Corrected in 30 Days
Correcting a violation in 30 days can make a big difference in the severity of the fine. If an entity attempts to correct the violation within the required time period, the HHS will classify the breach as a tier-three violation.
The minimum penalty per violation for a tier-three violation is $12,794, which is a significant increase from the lower tiers. This is ten times the minimum for a tier two violation, and the maximum penalty per violation is still $63,973.
Correcting the issue in a timely manner can save you from even higher fines. The cap for fines issued to a covered entity within a single calendar year is $1,919,173, so it's essential to act quickly.
How to Report Anonymously
You can report a HIPAA violation anonymously, but it's not as straightforward as you might think. The OCR requires your name and contact information to start an investigation.
To report anonymously, you can download the complaint form and mail it to OCR without your contact information, but this might result in no action taken against the covered entity.
A better option is to stipulate that OCR keeps your information private by refusing to consent to reveal your identity. This way, you can protect yourself from potential backlash.
Other channels for anonymous reporting include hotlines or patient surveys, but be aware that these might not guarantee complete anonymity.
When to Self-Report?
Self-reporting a HIPAA violation is a crucial step in maintaining compliance and protecting sensitive patient information. You have 60 days to report breaches to covered entities.
If the breach involves fewer than 500 records, covered entities have 60 days to report it to HHS, but organizations must report larger breaches immediately. This means time is of the essence when it comes to reporting significant breaches.
Covered entities must report breaches to HHS and their business associates within the specified timeframe. Failure to do so can lead to more severe consequences.
Reporting a breach within 60 days can help mitigate the damage and prevent further unauthorized access to sensitive information.
Avoiding HIPAA Violations
To avoid HIPAA violations, it's essential to establish a protocol to check authorization requirements before disclosing medical information. This is crucial to prevent unauthorized access to patient records.
Covered entities must hold regular trainings on policies and procedures, especially for new employees in healthcare. These trainings should cover common violations and address areas like patient information discussions and social media usage.
To prevent HIPAA violations, designate a privacy and compliance officer to manage questions, training, reports, and risk analyses. Even small organizations can benefit from having a dedicated officer.
Here are some key steps to take:
- Limit social media usage and remove current patients as contacts from social media platforms.
- Train contractors to not share login credentials, not to leave physical files or devices unattended, and never to share patient information on unencrypted devices.
- Implement just-in-time (JIT) access to needed records, auditing of sessions, and granular control of vendor and employee access.
Reasonable Cause
A Reasonable Cause violation is often called the "reasonable cause penalty". In this type of violation, a covered entity or business associate should've known of the breach when it happened.
The minimum fine for a Reasonable Cause violation is $1,280 per violation, and the maximum fine is $63,976 per violation. The penalty cap for a calendar year is $1,919,173.
Even with rigorous employee training and safeguards in place, a breach can still occur if a reasonable amount of care isn't enough to prevent it. This means that the organization at fault took steps to comply with HIPAA, but the breach still happened.
The original HITECH Act set a minimum fine of $1,000 per violation, with a maximum of $50,000 per violation and a cap of $100,000 per calendar year. However, after inflation adjustments, these numbers have changed.
In a Reasonable Cause criminal breach, someone could receive a monetary fine of up to $50,000 and/or an imprisonment sentence of no longer than one year. A judge has discretion when sentencing someone for a tier-one criminal breach.
How to Avoid
To avoid HIPAA violations, it's essential to hold regular trainings on your policies and procedures. This will help ensure that employees understand what's expected of them and how to protect patient information.
Establish a protocol to check authorization requirements before disclosing medical information to avoid HIPAA violations by healthcare staff. This can be as simple as verifying a patient's identity before discussing their care.
Limit social media use, especially when it comes to patient information. For example, avoid posting hallway pictures that could compromise patient privacy. Remove current patients as contacts from social media platforms to prevent HIPAA violations.
Designate a privacy and compliance officer to help manage questions, training, reports, and risk analyses. Even small organizations can benefit from having someone dedicated to this role.
To prevent HIPAA breaches, consider using an infrastructure access platform like StrongDM. This type of platform provides just-in-time access to needed records, auditing of sessions, and granular control of vendor and employee access.
Here are some crucial cybersecurity steps to take:
- Implement just-in-time (JIT) access to needed records
- Audit sessions to demonstrate an organization's commitment to managing its records
- Grant granular control of vendor and employee access, such as one-click onboarding and offboarding
By following these steps and being proactive, you can help prevent HIPAA violations and protect your organization from hefty fines and consequences.
Data Breach and HIPAA
A data breach can be a nightmare for any business or practice, especially when it comes to HIPAA violations. The United States Department of Health and Human Service's Office for Civil Rights is responsible for administrating and enforcing the HIPAA standards.
The costs of a data breach can be staggering. Health and Human Services fines can reach up to $1.5 million per violation or per year. This is a significant amount that can put a strain on any business.
If a data breach occurs, you may also face other costs, including Federal Trade Commission fees, class action lawsuits, and state Attorney General fines. These costs can add up quickly, and it's essential to be prepared.
Here are some of the estimated costs of a data breach:
- Health and Human Services fines: up to $1.5 million per violation or per year
- Federal Trade Commission fees: up to $16,000 per violation
- Class action lawsuits: between $1,000 and $500,000
- State Attorney General fines: between $150,000 and $6.8 million
- Business or patient loss: up to 50 percent
- ID monitoring and credit reports: $10 to $30 per person
- Lawyer fees: at least $2,000+
- Breach notifications costs: at least $1,000
- Business associate changes and technology repairs: around $5,000+
Handling a Data Breach
A data breach can happen to anyone, and it's essential to know how to handle it properly. The United States Department of Health and Human Service's Office for Civil Rights is responsible for administrating and enforcing the HIPAA standards.
The Office for Civil Rights may conduct investigations and compliance reviews whenever they see fit. This means that even if you're not aware of a breach, they can still initiate an investigation.
If a data breach occurs, you'll need to take swift action to mitigate any damage. The Office for Civil Rights will likely require you to provide a detailed report of the breach and your plan to prevent future incidents.
A HIPAA violation can have severe consequences, including financial penalties and damage to your reputation. The true costs of a HIPAA violation can be devastating to your business or practice.
The Cost of a Data Breach
Health and Human Services fines can reach up to $1.5 million per violation or per year.
Federal Trade Commission fees can be as high as $16,000 per violation. This can quickly add up, especially if the breach is severe.
Class action lawsuits can range from $1,000 to $500,000, with most cases falling in the higher end of that range.
State Attorney General fines can vary widely, from $150,000 to $6.8 million.
Business or patient loss can be as high as 50 percent, which is a staggering loss for any organization.
The cost of offering ID monitoring and free credit reports to those affected can range from $10 to $30 per person.
Lawyer fees can start at $2,000 or more, adding to the overall cost of the breach.
Breach notifications can cost at least $1,000.
Business associate changes and technology repairs can cost $5,000 or more.
Here's a breakdown of the potential costs of a data breach:
Definitions and Examples
A HIPAA violation has occurred when a HIPAA covered entity – or a business associate – fails to comply with one or more of the provisions of the HIPAA Privacy, Security, or Breach Notification Rules.
Unintentional HIPAA violations can still result in financial penalties, although they are often lower than those for willful violations. For example, a HIPAA violation occurred when too much PHI was disclosed, violating the minimum necessary information standard.
The Office for Civil Rights (OCR) has investigated almost 300,000 potential HIPAA privacy rule violations since 2003. Any breach of HIPAA rules can result in a $50,000 fine, and obtaining PHI with reasonable cause or no knowledge of a violation can potentially result in jail time.
A business associate is a vendor who provides services to healthcare providers and comes into contact with PHI. They are also subject to HIPAA rules and can face penalties for HIPAA violations.
Categories of Breaches
The United States Department of Health and Human Service's Office for Civil Rights is responsible for administrating and enforcing the HIPAA standards.
This office may conduct investigations and compliance reviews whenever they see fit, so it's essential to be prepared.
A HIPAA violation can occur if there's an unauthorized disclosure of protected health information, such as patient records.
This can happen through a data breach, which is a compromise of electronic protected health information.
Data breaches can be caused by various factors, including hacking, unauthorized access, or loss of devices containing patient data.
The Office for Civil Rights will investigate any reported breaches and determine the extent of the violation.
The severity of the breach will determine the corresponding penalties, which can be costly for businesses or practices.
The true costs of a HIPAA violation can be devastating, so it's crucial to understand the risks and take proactive measures to prevent them.
What Constitutes
A HIPAA violation occurs when a covered entity or business associate fails to comply with one or more provisions of the HIPAA Privacy, Security, or Breach Notification Rules.

These violations can be deliberate or unintentional, and both can result in financial penalties. An example of an unintentional HIPAA violation is when too much PHI is disclosed, and the minimum necessary information standard is violated.
A HIPAA violation can also be the result of negligence, such as the failure to perform an organization-wide risk assessment. Financial penalties for HIPAA violations have frequently been issued for risk assessment failures.
Some examples of HIPAA violations include losing medical records, which can be a HIPAA violation if it fails to provide patients with their medical records within 30 days of a request.
Financial penalties for HIPAA violations are reserved for the most serious violations of HIPAA Rules. The Office for Civil Rights typically resolves most cases through voluntary compliance, issuing technical guidance, or accepting a covered entity or business associate's plan to address the violations and change policies and procedures to prevent future violations from occurring.
Here are some common HIPAA violations:
- Losing a personal cell phone that allows for access to workplace applications
- Converting x-rays to a digital format without a business agreement in place to ensure HIPAA regulations were met
- Not training staff or monitoring access logs
- Deliberately delaying the issuing of breach notification letters to patients
These are just a few examples of what can be considered a HIPAA violation.
Affirmative Defenses and Grounds for Termination
An affirmative defense can relieve liability for a HIPAA violation if the provider can show "reasonable cause" and "no willful neglect." Having a good story to tell and demonstrable evidence of compliance is key to making this argument.
Showing that a provider had reasonable means to comply with HIPAA regulations can help demonstrate "reasonable cause." On the other hand, being "clueless" about HIPAA requirements might imply "willful neglect", which can be detrimental.
If a HIPAA breach was accidental and in good faith, it may not be considered reportable under HIPAA rules. However, the results of an internal investigation, the scope of the breach, and the employee's role in it will still be taken into account when determining the ultimate outcome.
Affirmative Defenses
Affirmative defenses can be a provider's best friend in avoiding liability. An affirmative defense is a legal argument that can relieve liability if successful.
To show "reasonable cause" and "no willful neglect", a provider needs to have a good story to tell regarding their processes and demonstrable evidence of compliance. This means being able to demonstrate that they had the necessary safeguards in place.
The evidence should show that the provider had reasonable means to comply with regulations. If a provider is "clueless" about compliance, it might imply "willful neglect."
Grounds for Termination
A HIPAA violation can indeed be grounds for termination, especially if the breach was intentional.
The severity of the penalty depends on factors such as the results of an internal investigation and the employee's role in the breach.
Termination can be a consequence of a HIPAA breach, even if it was accidental, but only if it's not deemed "in good faith."
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the maximum penalty for HIPAA violation after the enactment of the Hitech Act?
The maximum penalty for HIPAA violations is $1.5 million for all identical provision violations. This increased penalty was established by the HITECH Act to strengthen enforcement.
What are the two types of penalties for non-compliance that can be imposed?
There are two main types of penalties for non-compliance: monetary fines and civil penalties. Both types involve financial penalties for violating laws and regulations.
Do you get money for reporting HIPAA violations?
Yes, reporting HIPAA violations can lead to a reward for whistleblowers, typically through successful lawsuits under the False Claims Act. Whistleblowers may be eligible for a reward, but the specifics depend on the outcome of the case.
What are the three categories of non-compliance with HIPAA law?
Non-compliance with HIPAA law can occur in three main areas: failing to secure protected health information (PHI), breaching confidentiality, and neglecting to establish compliant business relationships. Understanding these risks is crucial for healthcare organizations to avoid costly penalties and protect sensitive patient data
What are two kinds of sanctions under HIPAA?
Under HIPAA, there are two types of sanctions: administrative penalties for non-compliance and criminal penalties for more severe violations
Sources
- https://hipaasurvivalguide.com/hipaa-violation.php
- https://etactics.com/blog/hipaa-violation-fines
- https://www.prohipaa.com/training/leaders/video/what-penalties-apply-to-violations-of-privacy-rule-requirements
- https://www.strongdm.com/blog/hipaa-violation-examples
- https://helloalleva.com/what-is-a-hipaa-violation-26-examples
Featured Images: pexels.com