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Assets under advisement strategies for private fund managers are crucial for maximizing returns and minimizing risk.
Private fund managers can use a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to identify potential investment opportunities.
A key strategy is to focus on high-growth industries, such as technology and healthcare, which have historically outperformed other sectors.
By diversifying across asset classes and geographies, private fund managers can reduce their exposure to market volatility and increase potential returns.
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Assets Under Advisement
Assets Under Advisement are assets on which your firm provides advice or consultation but for which your firm does either does not have discretionary authority or does not arrange or effectuate the transaction.
Such services would include financial planning or other consulting services where the assets are used for the informational purpose of gaining a full perspective of the client's financial situation, but you are not actually placing the trade.
Assets Under Advisement could also be those which you monitor for a client on a non-discretionary basis, where you may make recommendations but where the client is the party responsible for arranging or effecting the purchase or sale.
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A common example of this scenario is when an adviser reviews a participant's 401(k) allocations. If the adviser does not have the authority or ability to effect changes in the portfolio, these assets are likely considered Assets Under Advisement rather than Regulatory Assets Under Management.
Assets Under Advisement are permitted to be disclosed on Form ADV Part 2A as a separate asset figure from the assets under management.
Factors Affecting Assets
Market volatility can greatly impact the value of an asset, causing it to fluctuate based on market conditions. This can lead to changes in both Assets under Advisement (AUA) and Assets under Management (AUM).
The value of AUA is inversely proportional to client withdrawals, meaning that as more clients withdraw their assets, the value of AUA decreases. However, if new clients are added, the value of AUA will increase.
Acquiring new clients can also lead to an increase in AUA, making it an important factor in the AUA calculation.
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Market Volatility
Market Volatility can be a wild ride for asset values, and it's essential to understand how it affects Assets under Management (AUM).
The value of an asset can change based on market conditions, which directly impacts AUM. This means that when assets increase in value, so does AUM. Conversely, a decrease in market value leads to a decrease in AUM.
With the increase in the value of assets, there will be an increase in both Assets under advertisement (ASA) and AUM. This is because assets that are increasing in value are likely to be in high demand, making them more attractive to investors.
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Client Withdrawals
Client withdrawals have a significant impact on the value of Assets Under Administration (AUA). The value of AUA is inversely proportional to client withdrawals, meaning that as withdrawals increase, AUA decreases.
If client withdrawals rise, the value of AUA will decrease accordingly. This is a direct result of the funds being removed from the AUA.
New clients being added can help increase the value of AUA, countering the effects of withdrawals. By attracting new clients, the AUA can grow despite withdrawals.
New Client Acquisition
New Client Acquisition is a key driver of Assets under Administration (AUA). Acquiring new clients can lead to an increase in AUA, as it's an important factor in the AUA calculation.
Having a strong client acquisition strategy in place can help you grow your business and increase your AUA. According to the AUA calculation, acquiring new clients can also lead to an increase in Assets under Administration.
New client acquisition can be a challenging but rewarding process, and it's essential to have a solid plan in place to attract and retain new clients. If an advisor acquires new clients, it can also lead to an increase in Assets under advertisement (AUA).
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Regulatory Compliance
To accurately calculate regulatory assets under management, you must identify securities portfolios for which you provide continuous and regular supervisory or management services. This includes family or proprietary accounts, accounts for which you receive no compensation, and accounts of clients who are not United States persons.
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You should include all the assets of private funds in your securities portfolio, regardless of their nature. This includes any uncalled commitments related to the fund.
Discretionary authority plays a significant role in determining whether an asset should be counted towards AUM. If you have discretionary authority over a securities portfolio, it should be included in the AUM calculation only if you provide ongoing supervisory or management services for the portfolio.
If you have an ongoing responsibility to select or make recommendations for specific securities or investments based on the client’s needs, the securities portfolio should be included in the AUM calculation.
The key question in determining whether an asset should be counted towards AUM is whether you provide continuous and regular supervisory or management services for the securities portfolio.
To determine regulatory assets under management, you must include all gross assets without any deduction for debt or leverage. This means that if a fund has $30 million of assets and $20 million in debt, it is considered to have $30 million in regulatory assets under management, not $10 million.
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You must also include uncalled capital commitments in your regulatory assets under management calculation. This especially affects venture capital funds and private equity funds, who will often require investors to commit a certain amount of capital but not actually contribute cash to the fund until a later date.
Here are some key factors to consider when calculating regulatory assets under management:
- Discretionary authority
- Continuous and regular supervisory or management services
- Uncalled capital commitments
- Gross assets without deduction for debt or leverage
It's essential to keep proper, dated documentation and an explanation of how the reported assets under management were calculated. You must maintain these records in accordance with your document retention policy and with regulatory requirements.
Continuous Services
Continuous Services play a crucial role in the management of assets under advisement. Assets are typically categorized into three types: financial, physical, and intangible, with each type requiring a different approach to service.
Continuous services are often provided by a third-party service provider, who is responsible for monitoring and maintaining the asset. This can include tasks such as asset tracking, reporting, and analysis.
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In the case of financial assets, continuous services may involve regular portfolio reviews and rebalancing to ensure alignment with the client's investment objectives. This can help to minimize risk and maximize returns.
For physical assets, continuous services may include routine maintenance and repairs to prevent equipment failure and downtime. Regular inspections can also help to identify potential issues before they become major problems.
Intangible assets, such as intellectual property, may require continuous services that focus on protection and preservation. This can include monitoring for potential infringement and taking steps to prevent unauthorized use.
By providing continuous services, asset managers can help to ensure that assets are properly maintained and utilized, which can lead to improved performance and increased value.
Calculations and Reporting
Assets under advisement are calculated by adding up the total value of assets managed by financial advisors such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, equities, etc.
To calculate regulatory assets under management, you must include all gross assets without any deduction for debt or leverage. This means if a fund has $30 million in assets and $20 million in debt, it's considered to have $30 million in regulatory assets under management, not $10 million.
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You must also include uncalled capital commitments, which affects venture capital funds and private equity funds. For example, if a fund adviser obtains a commitment from an investor to invest $1 million, and the investor has only actually contributed $200,000, the fund adviser must include the remaining $800,000 in its regulatory assets under management.
Proper documentation is crucial when calculating and reporting regulatory assets under management. You must keep dated documentation and an explanation of how the reported assets under management were calculated, and maintain the documentation in accordance with your document retention policy and with regulatory requirements.
Key Takeaways
Assets under advisement are all assets on which an advisor can give guidance or advice without making any direct decisions.
Assets under advisement are affected by market volatility, client withdrawals, and new client acquisitions.
AUA stands for Assets under Advisement and AUM stands for Assets under Management.
In AUA, advisors do not have full control over making investment decisions, while AUM includes assets that are owned and managed by the advisors.
Final investment decisions are taken by clients.
Regulatory Asset Calculation and Reporting
Calculating regulatory assets under management is a crucial step in determining the value of a fund's assets. You must include all gross assets without any deduction for debt or leverage.
For private fund advisers, this means counting assets as they are, without subtracting any debt. So, if a fund has $30 million in assets and $20 million in debt, it's considered to have $30 million in regulatory assets under management.
Uncalled capital commitments must also be included in the calculation. This is especially important for venture capital and private equity funds, which often require investors to commit capital but not actually contribute it until later.
Illiquid assets are another challenge when it comes to valuing assets. The SEC's guidance suggests using the values from financial statements that follow GAAP or another internationally recognized accounting standard.
However, not all funds produce GAAP financial reporting, and for these funds, the process of valuing assets becomes more complex. The SEC has said that the requirement for calculating fair value does not mandate a particular procedure, but the fund adviser must act consistently and in good faith.
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To avoid any issues, it's essential to document all decisions and methodologies used in determining asset values. Fund advisers should consult an attorney familiar with securities laws when making difficult determinations.
The key to correctly calculating regulatory assets under management is to consider the value of all assets in securities portfolios on which you provide continuous and regular supervisory or management services, and add all the values together.
Your portfolio management software may be able to calculate your assets under management for you, but only include the portion of the portfolio for which you are providing continuous and regular supervisory or management services. If you recommend the use of third-party money managers, you may only include these assets if you have been granted discretion to hire and fire the third-party managers.
Remember to keep proper, dated documentation and an explanation of how the reported assets under management were calculated, and maintain the documentation in accordance with your document retention policy and with regulatory requirements.
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Calculating
Calculating regulatory assets under management is a crucial task for investment advisers. It involves adding up the total value of assets managed by the financial advisors, such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, equities, etc.
To begin calculating regulatory assets under management, identify the securities portfolios for which you provide continuous and regular supervisory or management services as of the date of filing the Form ADV. A securities portfolio is defined as an account where at least 50% of the total value consists of securities.
Include the following types of securities portfolios in your AUM calculation: family or proprietary accounts, accounts for which you receive no compensation for your services, and accounts of clients who are not United States persons. For private funds, consider all the assets of the fund as a securities portfolio, regardless of their nature.
Assets under advisement (AUA) is calculated differently, focusing on the total value of assets advised by the advisors, including those that do not provide fees. Net AUA is calculated by subtracting the assets that do not add fees to the advisors.
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To calculate AUM, consider the value of all assets in securities portfolios on which you provide continuous and regular supervisory or management services, and add all the values together. If you recommend the use of third-party money managers, you may only include these assets if you the client has granted you discretion to hire and fire the third-party managers.
The key to correctly calculating your Regulatory Assets Under Management on Form ADV Part 1 is to consider the value of all assets in securities portfolios on which you provide continuous and regular supervisory or management services, and add all the values together.
Here are the steps to calculate regulatory assets under management:
- Identify the securities portfolios for which you provide continuous and regular supervisory or management services.
- Include family or proprietary accounts, accounts for which you receive no compensation for your services, and accounts of clients who are not United States persons.
- Consider all the assets of the fund as a securities portfolio, regardless of their nature.
- Add all the values together to get the total AUM.
Challenges and Mitigation
Assets under advisement can be a complex and challenging area to manage.
Overdependence on advisors for investment decisions can lead to a lack of client autonomy and decision-making skills. This can be a major challenge, especially if clients rely too heavily on their advisors for every investment decision.
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Proper diversification of client portfolios can be a daunting task, requiring careful consideration of risk tolerance and investment goals. Ensuring data accuracy in AUA can be a complex task, especially with market fluctuations, client withdrawals, and new client acquisitions.
Here are some key challenges faced by assets under advisement:
Challenges
Challenges with Assets Under Advisement can be significant. Managing client expectations is a major challenge, as unrealistic expectations can be difficult to meet.
Sometimes, clients rely too heavily on their advisors for investment decisions, which can be problematic. Ensuring data accuracy in Assets Under Advisement can be a complex task due to market fluctuations and client activity.
Proper diversification of a client's portfolio is crucial, but it can be challenging to manage based on the client's risk tolerance and investment goals. AUA does not provide insights into investment performance or risk management techniques, which can lead to subpar results.
Here are some of the key challenges with Assets Under Advisement:
- AUA can lead to overdependence on advisors for investment decisions.
- Unrealistic client expectations can be difficult to manage.
- Proper diversification of a client's portfolio can be challenging.
- AUA does not provide insights into investment performance or risk management techniques.
- Ensuring data accuracy in AUA can be complex.
5. Risk Mitigation
Risk Mitigation is a crucial aspect of financial planning. Advisors help to mitigate risk factors by diversifying client's portfolios across different asset classes, sectors and regions.
A well-diversified portfolio can help reduce risk by spreading investments across various asset classes, such as stocks, bonds, and real estate. This can help protect against significant losses in any one area.
Diversification can also help mitigate risk by spreading investments across different sectors and regions. For example, investing in a mix of domestic and international stocks can help reduce risk by spreading exposure to different economies.
By taking a proactive approach to risk mitigation, advisors can help clients achieve their long-term financial goals while minimizing the impact of market volatility.
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Examples
Assets under advisement can be a complex topic, but let's break it down with some real-world examples.
Anshu's wealth management business has grown to US $16 billion in Assets under Advice (AuA) over the last 7 years, making it India's fastest growing and among the top #3 in the industry.
Assets under Advice can be grown through both organic growth and acquisitions, as seen in the example of growing to R8.7 billion through the acquisition of Verso Investment Services.
Regulations, such as Regulation 15 A of the amended IA Regulations, provide guidelines for charging fees from clients, including on Assets under Advice (AUA) or Fixed fee mode.
The fee for investment advisers can be charged as a fixed charge or up to 2.5% of the Assets under Advice, as agreed in the agreement.
Assets under Advice in automated advice services only comprise a small percentage of the retail investment market, estimated to be around 0.5%.
Here are some key points to remember:
- Assets under Advice can be grown through organic growth and acquisitions.
- Regulations provide guidelines for charging fees from clients on Assets under Advice or Fixed fee mode.
- The fee for investment advisers can be charged as a fixed charge or up to 2.5% of the Assets under Advice.
- Assets under Advice in automated advice services comprise a small percentage of the retail investment market.
Related
Assets under advisement can be a complex and nuanced topic, but it's essential to understand the related concepts to make informed decisions.
Assets under advisement are often used in investment portfolios to manage risk and increase returns, but they can also be used in other contexts, such as in business or personal finance.
The concept of assets under advisement is closely tied to fiduciary duty, which requires advisors to act in the best interest of their clients.
A fiduciary duty is a legal obligation to act with the utmost care and loyalty when managing assets on behalf of others.
In some cases, assets under advisement may be subject to regulatory requirements, such as those set by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
The SEC has specific rules and guidelines for advisors who manage assets under advisement, including requirements for disclosure and transparency.
Understanding the related concepts of assets under advisement, fiduciary duty, and regulatory requirements can help individuals and businesses make informed decisions about their financial and investment strategies.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the fees for assets under advisement?
AUM fees are a percentage of your total investments, typically ranging from 0.5% to 1.5% per year, charged by your advisor for managing your assets
What's the difference between AUM and aua?
Assets under management (AUM) and assets under administration (AUA) differ in that AUM involves discretionary asset allocation, whereas AUA involves non-discretionary management. In AUA, the service provider doesn't control investment decisions, making it a more hands-off approach.
Sources
- https://pwskills.com/blog/assets-under-advisement-bfsi/
- https://www.comply.com/resource/how-to-calculate-investment-adviser-regulatory-assets-under-management/
- https://www.strictlybusinesslawblog.com/calculating-regulatory-assets-under-management-for-private-fund-advisers/
- https://www.acaglobal.com/insights/calculating-assets-under-management-vs-assets-under-advisement
- https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/assets-under-advice
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