What to Do When Credit Cards Go to Collections

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Receiving a call from a debt collector can be stressful and overwhelming. Credit card debt can quickly spiral out of control, and before you know it, your account is sent to collections.

The credit card company will typically send your account to a collections agency after 180 days of non-payment, which is the average time it takes for a credit card debt to be sent to collections.

Don't ignore the calls from debt collectors, as this can lead to further penalties and fees. Instead, face the issue head-on and take control of your debt.

Understanding Credit Card Collections

Credit card collections can be a stressful and overwhelming experience, but understanding the process can help you navigate it more effectively. The credit card collections process typically starts with persistent letters, emails, and phone calls from the credit card company itself.

Debt collectors often work directly for the creditor for several months before selling the debt to a debt collection agency or another outside company. The creditor might even sell the debt to multiple agencies, each trying to collect the debt.

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A debt in collections can have a severe impact on your credit scores, especially if it's been written off completely by the original creditor. Credit bureaus assign late payments to categories like 30 days late, 60 days late, and 120 days late, with the longer payment being more hurtful to your credit score.

What Are Credit Cards?

A credit card is a type of loan that allows you to borrow money from a lender to make purchases or pay for services.

Credit cards are issued by banks, credit unions, and other financial institutions, and they typically come with a credit limit, which is the maximum amount you can charge on the card.

You can use a credit card to pay for everyday expenses like groceries and gas, or for larger purchases like electronics and furniture.

The credit card issuer will send you a statement each month showing the balance you owe, which is the total amount you need to pay back, including any interest charges.

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Most credit cards charge interest on outstanding balances, which is the cost of borrowing money from the lender.

If you don't pay your credit card balance in full each month, you'll be charged interest on the outstanding balance, which can add up quickly.

Credit cards often come with rewards programs, such as cashback, travel points, or discounts, which can provide benefits for using the card for certain purchases.

How Credit Cards Work

Using credit cards can be a convenient way to make purchases, but it's essential to understand how they work to avoid credit card collections. Credit card debt collection occurs when you don't pay your credit card bills.

The best way to use credit cards is to always pay the full amount each month on the credit card payment due date. Paying the full amount on time can help you avoid interest charges and fees.

If you're unable to pay the full amount, making the minimum payment is better than not paying at all. However, keep in mind that making only the minimum payment can lead to a longer payoff period and more interest paid over time.

A credit card company may start the credit card collections process if you don't make any payments toward your credit card balance. At this point, a third-party debt collector will take over, trying to get you to repay the money owed.

Impact on Me

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A debt in collections can have a severe impact on your credit scores because it means the original creditor has written off the debt completely.

The longer a payment is past due, the more it can hurt your credit score. A payment that's 120 days late will have more of an impact on your scores than a payment that's 30 days late.

If you already have debts in collection, the good news is that the impact on your credit scores will diminish over time. Eventually, the debt collection will fall off your credit reports completely, which is generally after seven years.

Having multiple debt collections on your credit report can make it harder to get approved for credit than having only one debt transferred to collections.

What Happens When Credit Cards Go to Collections

Credit card debt collections can be a stressful and overwhelming experience. You'll likely receive persistent letters, emails, and phone calls from the credit card company or a debt collection agency.

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The debt collections process can become more intense when the debt is sold to a third-party agency. This is often the case if you've missed three or more monthly payments.

A debt collector can contact you by phone, email, mail, or text message to try to collect payment for your overdue bills. You should ask the collector to put the details of your debt in writing and keep any written correspondence you receive.

Typically, a creditor will use its own debt collectors to try to collect the debt, or it may hire a debt collection agency or law firm to do so.

If you fall behind 30 days on a bill, your account might be turned over to an in-house collection department. If you fall three-to-six months behind, the debt will likely be sold to a third-party debt collection agency.

Here's a brief timeline of what can happen:

  • 30 days: Debt turned over to in-house collection department
  • 3-6 months: Debt sold to third-party debt collection agency

Ignoring a debt collector or not responding to a collection lawsuit can have serious consequences. A judge may issue a default judgment against you, allowing the debt collector to garnish your wages and/or freeze or garnish money in your bank accounts.

In some cases, a debt collector might take you to court and request that a judge order you to pay the debt. You can represent yourself in court or hire an attorney.

Managing Your Finances and Debt

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Managing your finances and debt can be overwhelming, especially when credit cards go to collections. It's essential to take charge of your financial situation and make informed decisions.

To avoid spiraling into debt, only spend what you can afford to pay off each month. This will help you stay out of debt and maintain a good credit score.

Paying off your credit card in full each month is also crucial, as it shows lenders you can manage your debt responsibly. However, if you're struggling with credit card debt, it's better to address the issue head-on by creating a budget and cutting expenses.

Before paying off a collections account, consider the potential impact on your credit score. Newer credit-scoring models may ignore zero-balance collection accounts, but older models may still hold them against you.

When dealing with debt collectors, be cautious of their tactics and take control of the situation. Calculate the amount you can afford to pay and consider sending a one-time, lump sum payment of 30-50% of the full balance.

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To protect your financial information, use a money order as your payment method and document the process thoroughly. Keep a carbon copy and receipt, and ask USPS for tracking information and a return receipt to prove the payment was received.

Before making any payments, consider reviewing your options with a nonprofit credit counselor. They can provide guidance on improving your finances and credit, and help you explore alternative solutions to paying off debt.

Dealing with Creditors and Collectors

Dealing with Creditors and Collectors can be overwhelming, but knowing your rights can help. You have the right to request that a debt collector stop contacting you in writing, and they must comply. This doesn't erase the debt, but it can give you some peace of mind.

It's essential to understand the debt collection process. In-house debt collectors typically work for the creditor for several months before selling the debt to a collection agency or another outside company. This can happen multiple times, making it challenging to track down the original creditor.

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To find out who you owe, check your credit reports, which show a list of your collection accounts, including who the debt was purchased from and when. You can also ask debt collectors about the debt's origin and compare their information to your own records.

Here are some key facts to keep in mind:

  • A debt collector can't contact you at work unless you give permission.
  • They can't call you before 8 a.m. or after 9 p.m. without your consent.
  • Halting a debt collector from contacting you doesn't wipe out your debt.
  • A debt collector can still report to a credit bureau that your debt has gone to collections.
  • They can still sue you to recover the debt.

Deal with the Creditor

The first step in dealing with a creditor is to understand the process they follow. For several months after your debt has gone unpaid, an in-house debt collector working directly for the creditor will typically be the one reaching out to you about your debt.

After that, the creditor might sell the debt to a debt collection agency or another outside company. This can happen multiple times, making it difficult to keep track of who you owe.

If you're being contacted by a debt collector, it's essential to take control of the situation and confront the debt head-on. This can help you get some peace of mind and minimize harm to your credit.

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You can also ask the debt collector where the debt came from, and compare their information to your own records, including bills and financial account statements.

It's comforting to know that the federal Fair Debt Collections Practices Act prevents debt collectors from engaging in abusive, deceptive, or unfair debt collection methods. They can't swear at you over the phone or threaten to throw you in jail if you don't pay.

Here's a list of essential questions to ask the debt collector:

  • The name of the original creditor and when the debt was incurred.
  • The debt balance, including interest charges and fees.
  • The name and contact information of the debt collection agency and the rep you’re speaking to.
  • Request written validation of the debt and ask to be contacted in writing only.

By asking these questions, you can learn valuable information about the debt and potentially dispute it if it doesn't belong to you.

Stop Contact from Collector

If you're tired of dealing with debt collectors, you can ask them to stop contacting you in writing. This is a right protected by federal law.

A debt collector can contact you one more time after receiving your written request to verify that they won't be contacting you anymore or to inform you that they're filing a lawsuit against you. Keep in mind that this doesn't wipe out your debt.

You can still report to a credit bureau that your debt has gone to collections, and they can still sue you to recover the debt.

You have the right to request that a debt collector stop contacting you, and they're required to honor that request in writing.

Navigating the Collection Process

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Navigating the collection process can be overwhelming, but understanding the steps involved can help you take control of the situation. Most credit card companies will begin the debt collections process by trying to contact you directly, sending emails or certified letters if you haven't made payments recently.

If you still don't make payments and don't arrange a payment plan, the debt will likely be turned over to a third-party debt collector within 30 to 90 days. There are over 7,000 third-party debt collection companies in the U.S., so it's essential to be proactive and respond quickly.

You have the right to ask the debt collector to stop contacting you in writing, but this won't wipe out your debt. A debt collector can still report to a credit bureau and sue you to recover the debt.

Navigating the Process

Most credit card companies will begin the collections process by trying to contact you directly, so it's essential to stay on top of your payments.

Vector illustration of smartphone with credit card picture and bills inscription placed near debtor document against purple background
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If you haven't made any credit card payments recently, the bank will likely try to email or send you certified letters.

The collections process can be lengthy, but most credit card companies don't have the staff or business model to engage in a long-term process, so they'll usually hire a third-party company to do the actual debt collection.

There are currently over 7,000 third-party debt collection companies in the U.S., so be prepared to deal with a variety of companies.

The clock starts ticking once you learn that a debt collector is pursuing your debt, so it's crucial to act swiftly.

You can empower yourself by being proactive and seeking help from an expert, such as an attorney or a nonprofit credit counseling service.

To stay on track, commit to making monthly debt payments on time and sticking to your budget.

Here are some key steps to take when dealing with a debt collector:

  1. Act swiftly to respond to the debt collector's attempts to contact you.
  2. Educate yourself about your rights and the debt collection process.
  3. Seek help from an expert if you're overwhelmed.
  4. Stay on track by making timely payments and sticking to your budget.

Statute of Limitations

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The statute of limitations is a crucial deadline to keep in mind when dealing with debt collection. It's the timeframe a company has to sue you to recover a debt, which varies from state to state.

In most states, the statute of limitations is 3-6 years from the first month you stop paying the debt. For example, if you haven't made a payment on your credit card since January 2020, a debt collector can't sue you for the debt after January 2024.

If the statute of limitations has passed, a collector can't force you to pay through the courts, but they might still try to get you to send money voluntarily.

Frequently Asked Questions

How likely is it that a collection agency will sue?

The likelihood of a collection agency suing depends on the size of the debt, with larger debts being more likely to result in legal action. However, there are no guarantees, and smaller debts can still lead to lawsuits in some cases.

Alberto Stehr

Senior Copy Editor

Alberto Stehr is a meticulous and detail-oriented copy editor with a passion for crafting clear and engaging content. With a keen eye for grammar, punctuation, and syntax, Alberto has honed his skills over years of experience in the field. Alberto's expertise spans a wide range of topics, from personal finance and retirement planning to education and technology.

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