What Is Retinitis Pigmentosa? [Comprehensive Answer]

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a progressive eye disease that causes vision loss by damaging the retina, the light-sensitive lining at the back of the eye. The retina is made up of several layers, and RP specifically damages the photoreceptor cells in the retina that capture light and convert it into electrical signals that are sent to the brain. These electrical signals are what we perceive as vision.

RP is considered a dystrophy, meaning it is a chronic degenerative disease. People with RP typically experience a gradual deterioration of vision, starting with decreased night vision and/or decreased peripheral vision (side vision), followed by a loss of central vision. central vision is necessary for activities such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces.

RP is caused by gene mutations that are passed down from parents to children. While there are over 60 different genes that have been identified as causing RP, the most common form of the disease is caused by mutations in the rhodopsin gene.

There is currently no cure for RP, but there are treatments available that can slow the progression of the disease and help people maintain their vision for a longer period of time. These treatments include vitamin A supplementation, laser therapy, and surgery.

People with RP should see an eye doctor regularly to monitor the progression of the disease and to receive the most up-to-date treatment recommendations.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is retinitis pigmentosa and what causes it?

RP occurs in people of all ages, but is most commonly diagnosed in adults over the age of 40. It can affect either one eye or both eyes. The main symptom of RP is progressive vision loss, although some people may experience only mild symptoms at first. What are the different types of retinitis pigmentosa? There are three main types of RP: AMD (vitreous proliferative disease), HearPtysis-ET (hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia with neovascularization), and RP together with ocular inflammatory diseases, such as RPE65-associated RP (RPE65-ARP).

What does retinitis pigmentosa look like?

At its most basic, Retinitis pigmentosa looks like a spotted or colored pattern on the retina (the light receptor at the back of your eye). Over time, this can lead to partial or total blindness. In some cases, people may experience night blindness.

What is retinitis pigmentosa in 2020?

There is no cure for retinitis pigmentosa (RP), but there are treatments that can help people live longer with the condition. These treatments include wearing special glasses or contact lenses and using light therapy. People with RP also may be eligible for a variety of medical devices to help them see better.

What age group is retinitis pigmentosa most common in?

RP is most common in adolescents and young adults, with progression of the disease continuing throughout the individual's life. There is some variability in the pattern and degree of visual loss, which may reflect differences in the severity of the disease in different individuals.

How does retinitis pigmentosa affect the rods and cones?

Retinitis pigmentosa affects the rods first. Night vision and peripheral vision (seeing to the side) go away. Then, over time, you lose your ability to see color and fine detail.

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Edith Carli

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Edith Carli is a passionate and knowledgeable article author with over 10 years of experience. She has a degree in English Literature from the University of California, Berkeley and her work has been featured in reputable publications such as The Huffington Post and Slate. Her focus areas include education, technology, food culture, travel, and lifestyle with an emphasis on how to get the most out of modern life.