
State and local taxes on utility businesses can be a complex and overwhelming topic, but don't worry, we've got you covered. Utility businesses are subject to various taxes at the state and local levels, which can impact their bottom line.
Some states have a gross receipts tax, which is a tax on the total amount of money a utility business earns from its customers. For example, in Arizona, the gross receipts tax rate is 5.6% for most utility businesses.
In addition to gross receipts taxes, utility businesses may also be subject to property taxes, which are taxes on the value of their equipment, vehicles, and other business assets. The property tax rate varies by state and locality, but in California, the average effective property tax rate is around 0.8%.
Utility businesses must also comply with local business license taxes, which are taxes on the privilege of doing business in a particular locality. The tax rates and requirements for these licenses vary widely, but in New York City, the business license tax rate is 2.6% to 4.5% of gross income.
What Is Taxed
The utility tax is calculated as a percentage of a utility service provider's gross operating income from providing services to customers within a city. This tax rate applies to various services such as electric, gas, steam, water, refrigeration, and telecommunications.
The current tax rate for these services is 2.35%. This rate is used to determine the tax liability of utility service providers.
Taxpayers with a utility tax liability of less than $100,000 for the preceding calendar year are only required to file semiannual returns. This is a relief for smaller businesses that don't have to deal with the hassle of monthly returns.
Service providers that don't comply with tax laws and regulations are subject to penalties and interest. This is a serious consequence that can add up quickly.
Municipalities can impose a tax on the business of distributing, supplying, furnishing, selling, transmitting, or delivering electricity for use or consumption within their corporate limits. This is a locally imposed tax that's not collected by the Department of Revenue.
Tax Calculation
Tax Calculation is a complex process that involves determining the amount of state and local taxes owed on utility business. Utility businesses are subject to a wide range of taxes, including sales taxes, property taxes, and franchise fees.
Businesses operating in states like California, for example, must calculate their sales tax liability based on the total sales of utilities. This includes electricity, gas, and water sales, which are all subject to a 7.25% sales tax rate.
The tax calculation process can be simplified by using tax software or consulting with a tax professional.
Utility Users Tax Rate = 6%
The Utility Users Tax Rate is 6%. This tax is levied on telephone, cellular, VoIP, video, and cable television services.
Measure G, establishing the tax on all telecommunications services, was passed by voters in November, 2008. The current rate became effective for all utility billings on or after April 1, 2009.
Utility Users Tax is billed by utility providers on the monthly billings and then remitted to the City by the 20th of the following month. Payments can be made by ACH Debit (checking/savings) or Credit Card (Visa, MasterCard, Discover) for online filing.
You can pay UUT online at www.SalesTaxOnline.com.
Tax Rate
The tax rate for utility services varies depending on the type of service. The current tax rate for electric, gas, steam, water, refrigeration, and telecommunications services is 2.35%.
To determine the tax rate for a specific service, you can use the Tax Rate Database. This database provides information on the various taxes and fees for municipal systems, electric cooperatives, delivering suppliers, and self-assessing purchasers.
The tax rate for telecommunications services is 5.75%, as specified in the Santa Barbara Municipal Code Chapter 4.26, Telecommunications Utility Services Tax.
Local Taxes
Local taxes can be a complex and confusing aspect of running a utility business. Municipalities may impose a tax on the business of distributing, supplying, furnishing, selling, transmitting, or delivering electricity for use or consumption within their corporate limits.
The Department of Revenue does not collect these locally imposed taxes, so you'll need to research and comply with the tax laws of each municipality you operate in.
Utility Users Tax Rate is a general tax levied on various services, including telephone, cellular, VoIP, video, and cable television services. The current rate is 6%, effective for all utility billings on or after April 1, 2009.
Electrical Energy Surcharge
In California, a surcharge is imposed on the consumption of electrical energy purchased from an electric utility on and after January 1, 1975.
This surcharge is collected and remitted to the state by every electric utility making energy sales to consumers. The utility must collect the surcharge from its consumers and then pay it to the state.
If you purchase electrical energy from a utility not subject to the surcharge, such as an out-of-state utility or the Bureau of Reclamation, you must report and pay the amount of the surcharge directly to the CDTFA.
The surcharge is a mandatory fee that must be collected and paid by electric utilities in California.
Telecom Users Tax = 5.75%
The Telecom Users Tax in Santa Barbara is 5.75%. This rate is specified in the Santa Barbara Municipal Code Chapter 4.26, Telecommunications Utility Services Tax.
The Telecom Users Tax is billed by utility providers on your monthly billings, and you can pay online or by credit card. You can pay online at www.SalesTaxOnline.com.
Utility providers should notify Avenu Insights & Analytics in writing and remit all collected taxes immediately upon cessation of business. This is a requirement, so make sure to take care of this step if you're closing up shop.
The full amount of the tax due must be submitted along with the approved UUT remittance form by the 20th of each month.
Local Taxes
Local Taxes can be complex, but understanding the basics can help you navigate the process.
Municipalities may impose a tax on businesses that distribute, supply, furnish, sell, transmit, or deliver electricity within their corporate limits.
This tax is not collected by the Department of Revenue, but rather by the municipality itself.
Deductions and Requirements
Businesses operating in the utility industry are entitled to various tax deductions, including deductions for fuel and electricity used in the production of electricity.
To qualify for these deductions, businesses must maintain accurate records of their fuel and electricity usage, as well as proof of payment for these expenses.
Allowable Deductions

If you're a business owner in Illinois, it's essential to understand what sales of electricity are exempt from tax. Sales for resale are exempt from tax.
In addition to sales for resale, sales in interstate commerce are also exempt from tax. This means that if you're selling electricity across state lines, you don't have to pay tax on those sales.
Businesses certified by the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity located in an enterprise zone are also exempt from tax on their sales of electricity. This is a great incentive for businesses to set up shop in these areas.
Similarly, businesses certified as a High Impact Business by the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity are also exempt from tax on their sales of electricity.
Sales to the federal government and municipal corporations owning and operating a local transportation system for public service in Illinois are also exempt from tax.
Here are the types of sales of electricity that are exempt from tax in Illinois:
- Sales for resale
- Sales in interstate commerce
- Sales to businesses certified by the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity and located in an enterprise zone
- Sales to businesses certified by the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity as a High Impact Business
- Sales to the federal government
- Sales to municipal corporations owning and operating a local transportation system for public service in Illinois
Public utilities are also eligible for a tax credit when they're required to purchase electricity produced from methane gas generated from landfills.
Form/Filing & Payment Requirements
Form RPU-13, the Electricity Excise Tax Return, must be filed monthly, quarterly, or annually, depending on the taxpayer's average monthly liability.
The Illinois Department of Revenue determines the filing frequency based on this liability.
A monthly return is due on or before the 15th day of the month following the month for which the return is filed.
You can file your return electronically, which is a convenient option.
A quarterly return is due on or before the last day of the month following the quarter for which the return is filed.
If you prefer to mail your return, you can send it to the Illinois Department of Revenue at the address listed below.

An annual return is due on or before January 31 of the year following the year for which the return is filed.
To file your return, you can call the Illinois Department of Revenue at 1 217 782-7517 or mail it to ELECTRICITY EXCISE TAX, ILLINOIS DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE, PO BOX 19019, SPRINGFIELD IL 62794-9019.
Here are the key filing deadlines to keep in mind:
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a local utility tax?
A local utility tax is a usage tax on services like communication, electricity, and gas, typically applied to unincorporated areas of a county. It's a type of tax levied on utility bills, not on the actual products or services themselves.
Do utility companies pay taxes?
Utility companies, especially municipal utilities, are generally exempt from federal and state income taxes. However, they may still pay sales taxes or gross receipts taxes, depending on state laws.
What are local business taxes?
Local business taxes are fees imposed by cities and municipalities on businesses operating within their jurisdiction. These taxes are subject to exemptions and regulations set by the Bureau of Local Government Finance.
Sources
- https://www.cdtfa.ca.gov/taxes-and-fees/energy-resources-surcharge-electrical/
- https://sourceadvisors.com/blogs/salt/new-york-city-utility-excise-tax/
- https://tax.illinois.gov/research/taxinformation/excise/elecexcise.html
- https://santabarbaraca.gov/business/business-taxes-assessments/utility-users-tax
- https://www.nj.gov/treasury/taxation/enernot.shtml
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