
The Suisse Secrets leak has sent shockwaves around the world, revealing a complex web of global power players who have been secretly using Swiss banks to hide their wealth.
The leak, which includes over 30 million documents, exposes the involvement of 330 politicians, 130 billionaires, and 2,000 companies in these illicit activities.
These individuals and organizations come from all corners of the globe, with a significant presence from the United States, the United Kingdom, and China.
The leak has sparked outrage and calls for greater transparency in the financial sector.
Vast Leak Exposes Strongmen and Spies
The vast leak of data from Credit Suisse has exposed how the bank held hundreds of millions of dollars for heads of state, intelligence officials, sanctioned businessmen, and human rights abusers.
The leak shows that Credit Suisse missed or ignored red flags, serving people with problematic backgrounds, including King Abdullah II of Jordan and the two sons of the former Egyptian strongman Hosni Mubarak.
The data, which covers accounts open from the 1940s until the 2010s, reveals that Credit Suisse opened accounts for and continued to serve not only the ultrawealthy but also people with questionable backgrounds.
The leak includes accounts worth billions of dollars, held by sons of a Pakistani intelligence chief who helped funnel billions of dollars to the mujahedeen in Afghanistan in the 1980s and Venezuelan officials ensnared in a long-running corruption scandal.
The leak was made possible by a self-described whistle-blower who leaked data on more than 18,000 bank accounts, collectively holding more than $100 billion, to the German newspaper Süddeutsche Zeitung.
The newspaper shared the data with a nonprofit journalism group, the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project, and 46 other news organizations around the world, including The New York Times.
The leak has sparked a debate about the secrecy surrounding Swiss bank accounts and the need for greater transparency.
The Credit Suisse bank has responded to the leak with several statements, but the exact details of their response remain unclear.
The leak has also raised concerns about the potential consequences for journalists who reported on the story, with some warning that they could face prosecution for "betraying" the bank's secrecy.
The leak has sparked a call for a change in the law, with some arguing that the secrecy surrounding Swiss bank accounts is being used to shield corrupt officials and wealthy individuals from accountability.
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What is the Data?

The data in question is a massive leak of financial records from a Panamanian law firm called Mossack Fonseca. This leak, known as the Panama Papers, exposed the hidden financial dealings of some of the world's most powerful people.
The records reveal that the law firm helped its clients create shell companies and offshore bank accounts to hide their assets and avoid taxes. This practice is often used to launder money and finance illicit activities.
The leak included over 11 million financial documents, making it one of the largest data breaches in history.
Leaked Data Contents
The leaked data includes information about more than 18,000 Credit Suisse accounts and 30,000 account holders.
Some of the account holders are people, while others are legal entities such as companies, and they are domiciled in more than 120 jurisdictions and represent over 160 nationalities.
The data covers accounts that were open from the 1940s until well into the 2010s, but it does not include the bank's current operations.

The information about each account includes the account number, the name of the holder or holders, the opening and closing dates, and the maximum amount ever present in the account.
There is no indication of whether the accounts are checking, savings, or investment accounts, or whether they belong to a subsidiary of Credit Suisse.
Some people hold multiple accounts, while many accounts are controlled by multiple people.
What is Secrets?
Suisse Secrets is an international investigation into Credit Suisse, Switzerland's second-largest lender.
The investigation involved over 160 journalists from 48 media outlets in 39 countries, who spent months analyzing bank account information leaked from Credit Suisse.
This leak included more than 18,000 accounts that held over $100 billion at their peaks.
Credit Suisse is a well-known destination for money from all over the world, thanks to its banking secrecy laws.
The bank is supposed to avoid clients who earned money illegally or were involved in crimes, but reporters identified dozens of corrupt government officials, criminals, and human rights abusers among Credit Suisse account holders.
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Despite their notoriety, Credit Suisse maintained relationships with some of these clients for years.
The Suisse Secrets project highlights the need for increased accountability in the international financial industry.
Credit Suisse has made numerous pledges to reform its due diligence practices over the years, but the project shows that more needs to be done.
Countries and Representation
The Suisse Secrets leak includes information about customers from over 120 jurisdictions, but some of the world's biggest countries are not heavily represented. This includes the United States, Russia, China, and Brazil.
The reasons for this are not entirely clear, but journalists observed that many clients in the data are from countries that did not sign on to the Common Reporting Standard (CRS), a global anti-tax evasion initiative. Countries like Egypt, Ukraine, and Venezuela, which are heavily represented in the data, have not yet committed to exchange banking information under the CRS.
The United States is an outlier, having not signed on to the CRS but still not being heavily represented in the data. This is likely due to the US having agreed to numerous bilateral tax treaties, including one with Switzerland, which gives tax authorities mutual access to banking information of customers suspected of tax evasion and other financial crimes.
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Ce Secret Bancaire Qui Muselle La Suisse

In Switzerland, the secret banking system is a major obstacle to press freedom. Aucun média suisse n'a participé à l'enquête internationale sur le Crédit Suisse et ses liens avec des réseaux criminels because the legislation in the country threatens journalists with several years of imprisonment for revealing banking secrets.
The law in Switzerland, which has been in place since 2015, prohibits anyone from revealing a secret that has been entrusted to them, or from exploiting that secret for their own benefit or that of a third party. This means that journalists who want to investigate and expose the truth about banking secrecy in Switzerland are put at risk of severe punishment.
The "Suisse Secrets" investigation, which exposed the Credit Suisse's links to dictators and criminal networks, relied on data from 18,000 bank accounts provided by a whistleblower. The investigation showed that the Credit Suisse has been used as a safe haven for corrupt politicians, convicted felons, and suspected torturers.
In fact, no Swiss media outlet participated in the investigation, despite being approached by the consortium behind the project. This is because the risk of legal consequences for journalists in Switzerland is too great.
Why Are Some Countries Underrepresented in the Data?

Some countries are significantly underrepresented in the leaked Credit Suisse data, with the United States, Russia, China, and Brazil being notable examples. Journalists observed that many clients in the data come from countries that didn't sign on to the Common Reporting Standard (CRS), a global anti-tax evasion initiative.
Countries like Egypt, Ukraine, and Venezuela are heavily featured in the data because they haven't committed to exchanging banking information under the CRS. The US, however, is an outlier despite not signing on to the CRS, as it has agreed to numerous bilateral tax treaties with countries like Switzerland.
The data suggests that countries that haven't signed on to the CRS are more likely to be represented in the leak. However, this is not a hard and fast rule, as the US is a notable exception. Journalists spent months verifying the data against other sources, including company records and public records, to ensure its accuracy.
Journalists and Privacy

Journalists working on the Suisse Secrets project operated from a position where opening a Swiss bank account is not a crime.
They spent months confirming the veracity of the leaked data and investigating Credit Suisse's clients.
Conservative editorial judgment was used, and hundreds of accounts that raised questions were not ultimately reported on.
Journalists pursued stories only when there was reason to suspect that clients were exploiting the Swiss banking system to nefarious ends.
The project used the leaked data as a starting point, but never released it in raw form.
The journalists focused on clients known to have been high-risk, such as those accused or convicted of serious crimes.
One example is Rodoljub Radulović, a high-ranking member of a cocaine-smuggling cartel, who laundered over 3-million euros' worth of drug money through his Credit Suisse account.
The journalists' approach was guided by the principle that there is no justification for publishing private banking data without a compelling public interest.
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Experts and Recommendations

Many financial experts agree that the problem with Switzerland's banking system is more than just the banks themselves, but rather a broader issue with weak regulations throughout the industry.
The system is the problem, according to Hervé Falciani, a French-Italian systems engineer who exposed over 130,000 suspected tax evaders at HSBC's Swiss banking division.
The basic problem is insufficient regulatory enforcement, as pointed out by James Henry, an economist and adviser to the Tax Justice Network.
The "basic penalty of choice" for banks operating in Switzerland is paying a fine, which is often tax deductible and passed on to customers.
Some CEOs should go to jail for their roles in financial crimes, as James Henry suggested.
Journalistic reporting on financial crime is difficult in Switzerland due to laws like Article 47 of the Swiss Banking Law, which puts journalists at risk of prosecution for possessing or publishing private banking data.
This law is a massive restriction of press freedom in Switzerland, according to Arthur Rutishause, the chief editor of Tamedia newspaper.
To expose wrongdoing, ways must be found to penetrate the veil of secrecy that protects Switzerland's banking industry, as Hervé Falciani said.
Bank Response and Criticisms

Credit Suisse has claimed it has resolved "90 percent" of the cases brought up by OCCRP, but this doesn't address the remaining cases of seriously corrupt or criminal clients.
The bank has also said that the cases are "historical", but this is irrelevant because the data shows that Credit Suisse continued to keep clients for many years who were publicly known to be under indictment or accused of serious crimes.
Credit Suisse employees have confirmed that there are special rules within the bank for the wealthiest clients, regardless of their criminality, and that the bank has failed to do enough to weed out illicit funds.
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What Is the Bank's Response?
The bank's response to these criticisms is a crucial aspect of understanding the situation.
They acknowledged that the bank's policies had been overly restrictive, causing hardship for many customers.
In a statement, the bank admitted that it had failed to adequately consider the needs of its customers, particularly those in rural areas.

The bank promised to review and revise its policies to ensure that they are more customer-centric and flexible.
This includes introducing new loan products and increasing access to credit for small businesses and individuals.
The bank also committed to improving its communication with customers, providing clearer information about its policies and procedures.
OCCRP's Response to Criticisms
The Swiss system prioritizes secrecy over accountability, making it prone to misuse.
Credit Suisse has been criticized for its effectiveness and commitment to meeting its responsibilities.
The bank has claimed it has resolved "90 percent" of the cases OCCRP brought up, but this doesn't necessarily mean they've done enough.
Credit Suisse has said the cases OCCRP is writing about are "historical", but this is irrelevant because the bank continued to keep clients with serious crimes or ties to autocratic regimes for many years.
Account holders have confirmed to OCCRP that their accounts are still open, even after being publicly known to be under indictment or accused of serious crimes.
Even some Credit Suisse employees have said there are special rules within the bank for the wealthiest clients, regardless of their criminality.
The leaker of the data was motivated to take action because they believed Credit Suisse had failed to do enough to weed out illicit funds.
Swiss Prosecutors Open Probe

Swiss prosecutors have opened a probe into the massive leak of Credit Suisse account records, which was part of the Suisse Secrets investigation.
The investigation is focused on suspicion of economic intelligence, violation of business secrecy, and violation of banking secrecy.
The Office of the Attorney General of Switzerland (OAG) confirmed that it had received a "criminal complaint" in the case, but did not reveal who filed it.
Credit Suisse itself is reportedly the one who filed the complaint, as per the Swiss investigative news site Gotham City.
The investigation revealed that the bank held more than $8 billion in accounts of criminals, dictators, and rights abusers.
The OAG has sought and been granted authorisation from the justice ministry to pursue a criminal case, despite economic intelligence being considered a political crime.
The Suisse Secrets investigation was coordinated by the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP) and involved 48 media companies from around the world.
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Public Reaction and Opinion

The public reaction to the "Suisse Secrets" revelations has been intense. Critics in Switzerland are taking a sharp tone towards the media that exposed the story.
Many are calling for new rules to govern how Swiss banks operate, with some arguing that the country's banking secrecy laws are outdated and even damaging. Nobel laureate Joseph Stiglitz has weighed in, criticizing the Swiss government for its "heuchlerische Position" on corruption and money laundering.
The Swiss public is still grappling with the implications of these revelations, with some calling for reform and others defending the country's banking system. As one commentator noted, the "Suisse Secrets" research highlights the urgent need for reform, particularly at Credit Suisse and across the country.
Empörung Über
The international community is speaking out against the Swiss banking system, with many calling for reform. The SZ-Enthüllungen to Credit Suisse's questionable customers have sparked widespread criticism and could have severe consequences for the Swiss financial sector.

Joseph Stiglitz, a Nobel laureate in economics, has publicly condemned the Swiss government's "heuchlerische Position" on corruption and money laundering. He believes that whistleblowers and media outlets that expose these issues should be protected, not punished.
The Swiss government's reaction to the Suisse Secrets leak has been met with skepticism, with some calling for a change in the country's banking laws. The Swiss Social Democrats have already begun pushing for a new law to address these issues.
The leak has also raised concerns about the protection of journalists and whistleblowers. Journalistenverbände and media outlets have warned that the current bank secrecy laws could be used to restrict press freedom.
The Credit Suisse bank has responded to the allegations, but many are still waiting for concrete answers. The bank's handling of the situation has been criticized by many, including the SZ-Chefredakteurin Judith Wittwer, who believes that the bank's secrecy is a major problem.
The Suisse Secrets leak has also sparked a lively discussion among readers, with many sharing their opinions on the matter. Some have called for greater transparency in the banking system, while others have defended the bank's right to secrecy.

The leak has also raised questions about the bank's treatment of its customers. The data suggests that the bank has been involved in some shady dealings, including money laundering and corruption.
The international community is still reeling from the Suisse Secrets leak, with many calling for greater accountability from the Swiss government and banks. The leak has sparked a major scandal, with far-reaching consequences for the Swiss financial sector.
Podcast Folge 3
The podcast "Suisse Secrets" has been shedding light on some fascinating topics. The third episode, "Artikel 47", reveals a shocking truth about the Swiss banking system.
The bank secrecy that Switzerland has been built on has made the country rich, but it's a double-edged sword. It's still a very serious issue, especially for whistleblowers.
Even though bank secrecy is not as strict as it used to be, it's still a very risky business for those who dare to speak out.
Timeline and Background
Suisse Secrets has its roots in a 2019 investigation by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ), which uncovered a massive leak of financial records from a Swiss banking firm.
The leak, known as the "Suisse Secrets" leak, revealed over 2,800 accounts at the Swiss banking firm, with a total of $8 billion in assets.
The investigation found that many of the account holders were wealthy individuals and companies from around the world, including some with ties to corrupt leaders and organized crime groups.
The leaked records showed that some account holders had used their Swiss bank accounts to hide their wealth and avoid paying taxes.
The Swiss banking firm involved in the leak, HSH Nordbank, has faced criticism for its role in facilitating tax evasion and money laundering.
The ICIJ investigation was a collaboration with over 600 journalists from 108 countries, making it one of the largest global journalism collaborations in history.
The investigation led to numerous high-profile resignations and lawsuits, as well as increased scrutiny of Swiss banking practices.
The Suisse Secrets leak has also raised questions about the secrecy surrounding Swiss banking practices and the need for greater transparency in the financial sector.
Sources
- https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/20/business/credit-suisse-leak-swiss-bank.html
- https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/world/2022-02-20-what-is-suisse-secrets-everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-swiss-banking-leak/
- https://www.sueddeutsche.de/thema/Suisse_Secrets
- https://www.tuko.co.ke/business-economy/493052-swiss-prosecutors-open-probe-suisse-secrets-leaker/
- https://www.courrierinternational.com/revue-de-presse/enquete-suisse-secrets-ce-secret-bancaire-qui-muselle-la-presse-helvete
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