Understanding Recommended Liability Coverage for Your Vehicle

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Liability coverage is a must-have for any vehicle owner. It's a type of insurance that helps cover damages to other people or property in the event of an accident.

The minimum liability coverage required varies by state, but most states require at least $25,000 in bodily injury liability coverage per person and $50,000 per accident. This means if you're involved in an accident and found liable, you'll need to pay at least $25,000 to the other party for their medical expenses.

Having enough liability coverage can save you from financial ruin.

Liability Coverage Basics

Liability coverage is the part of your auto insurance policy that pays for the other driver's expenses if you cause a car accident. It doesn't cover your own expenses, but rather protects your financial well-being.

There are two main types of liability coverage: bodily injury and property damage. Bodily injury liability covers injuries or damage you cause to another person, while property damage liability covers damage to another person's vehicle or property.

If you're in a hit-and-run accident, your uninsured motorist coverage may be able to help, covering your injuries, your passengers' injuries, and damage to your vehicle. This type of coverage also kicks in if you're hit by a driver who doesn't have enough or has no auto insurance coverage.

What is Auto?

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Auto liability insurance is the part of your policy that pays for the other driver's expenses if you cause a car accident.

It doesn't cover your own expenses, only the other driver's. You'll need to look into other types of insurance for that.

There are two main types of liability coverage: bodily injury and property damage. Some states also require a third type, uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage.

Liability coverage protects your financial well-being, not your body or property. It covers the injuries or damage you cause to another person in an accident, not your own medical bills or car repairs.

It can also cover damage to your vehicle if you're hit by a driver who doesn't have enough or any insurance coverage. This includes hit-and-run accidents, where the other driver flees the scene.

Bodily Injury

Bodily injury liability coverage helps pay the costs for anyone injured in a car accident where you're found liable.

It covers medical expenses, compensation for lost wages and income, and legal fees. This includes injuries to drivers or passengers in another car, pedestrians, or unrelated passengers in your own car.

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If you're found liable for a car accident, your liability coverage will obligate the company to defend you in court, if necessary, and pay claims to the other driver for vehicle damage and bodily injuries.

This includes medical and hospital costs, rehabilitation, nursing care, and possibly lost income and money for pain and suffering.

Bodily injury liability insurance doesn't cover your own medical bills if you're injured in a collision; it only covers the injuries or damage that you cause to another person in an accident.

A good rule of thumb is to have at least $100,000 per person and $300,000 per incident in bodily injury liability coverage, as recommended by some experts.

What Is Covered in Property Damage?

Property damage liability insurance helps pay for damage you cause to another person's vehicle or property, such as a car, front porch, or mailbox.

If you hit someone else's car, this coverage may help pay to repair their property. It's essential to note that property damage liability insurance won't cover the cost of repairing your own car if you're in an accident.

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Damage to another person's property, like a fence or guardrail, can quickly add up beyond the minimum required insurance, making $50,000 a recommended minimum for property damage liability coverage.

This type of coverage covers your liability for the damage you cause to another person's property, but it doesn't cover damage to your car. If you're hit by a driver who doesn't have enough or has no auto insurance coverage, uninsured motorist coverage may also apply.

Types of Liability Coverage

Liability coverage is a crucial aspect of car insurance, and there are several types to consider.

Liability coverage is divided into two main categories: Bodily Injury Liability and Property Damage Liability.

Bodily Injury Liability covers medical expenses and lost wages for individuals injured in an accident.

Property Damage Liability covers damages to other people's property, such as vehicles, buildings, and other structures.

The minimum amount of liability coverage required varies by state, but it's essential to have enough coverage to protect your assets.

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Here's a breakdown of the types of liability coverage:

Liability coverage is not the same as Personal Injury Protection (PIP) insurance, which is a separate type of coverage that covers medical expenses for you and your passengers.

State Requirements and Minimums

Almost every state in the U.S. mandates drivers to have state minimum liability coverage, which typically ranges from $20,000 to $30,000 for bodily injury suffered by one person in an accident.

New Hampshire is the only state that does not require insurance, but drivers in this state need to show financial responsibility to cover accident expenses by purchasing insurance, which may include uninsured motorist coverage.

The minimum liability coverage requirements vary from state to state, with Virginia requiring $30,000 per person and $60,000 per incident for bodily injury or death of two or more people, and $20,000 for property damage.

Here's a breakdown of the states that require additional PIP and UM coverage:

  • Connecticut, Illinois, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin require UM/UIM coverage.
  • Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Kansas, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Utah, and Pennsylvania require PIP coverage.

Minimum Car Requirements by State

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Minimum car requirements vary by state, but most states require drivers to have some form of liability insurance. New Hampshire and Virginia are the only states that don't require insurance.

In nearly every state, drivers must have state minimum liability coverage. This typically includes $20,000 to $30,000 for bodily injury suffered by one person in an accident, $50,000 for all people hurt in the same accident, and up to $25,000 for property damage.

Thirteen states, including Delaware, require personal injury protection (PIP) to cover medical expenses. Twenty-two states and the District of Columbia have uninsured motorist (UM) or underinsured motorist (UIM) coverage requirements.

Some states require additional coverage, such as:

  • Personal injury protection (PIP): Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Kansas, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Utah.
  • Uninsured motorist (UM) and/or underinsured motorist (UIM) coverage: Connecticut, Illinois, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin.

Here is a list of states that do not require insurance:

  • New Hampshire
  • Virginia

And here is a list of states that require additional PIP and UM coverage:

  • Connecticut
  • Illinois
  • Kansas
  • Maine
  • Maryland
  • Massachusetts
  • Minnesota
  • Missouri
  • Nebraska
  • New Hampshire
  • New Jersey
  • New York
  • North Carolina
  • North Dakota
  • Oregon
  • Rhode Island
  • South Carolina
  • South Dakota
  • Vermont
  • Virginia
  • West Virginia
  • Wisconsin
  • D.C.

And here is a list of states that require PIP coverage:

  • Delaware
  • Florida
  • Hawaii
  • Kansas
  • Massachusetts
  • Michigan
  • Minnesota
  • New Jersey
  • New York
  • North Dakota
  • Oregon
  • Utah
  • Pennsylvania

Collision

Collision coverage is essential if you want to protect your wallet from costly repairs.

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If you're the at-fault driver in a collision, Collision coverage will help pay for the damage to your car.

Remember, Property Damage (PD) coverage only pays for the damage you cause to another's property, not your own car.

You'll want to consider a minimum of $25,000/$50,000 coverage, which can vary depending on your age and car value.

This is especially important if you're a young driver or own a high-value vehicle, as the costs of repairs can be steep.

If you don't carry Collision coverage and are at fault in a car crash, you'll have to pay the costs to repair your car out of your own pocket.

Uninsured Motorist

In the United States, 23 states including Washington, D.C., require uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage to ensure protection when another driver has no insurance or lacks sufficient insurance.

This type of coverage is essential because nearly one out of every five drivers in Florida, for example, do not carry any car insurance. If you're involved in an accident with an uninsured driver, you'll be left with outstanding medical bills, lost wages, and no one to pay for your losses.

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To protect yourself, it's recommended to have the same amount of UIM coverage as you do liability coverage. Most experts recommend liability insurance coverage of at least $100,000 per person, and $300,000 per accident.

In Oregon, the law requires car insurance policies to have the same amount of UIM as they do for liability coverage, unless the insured chooses lower limits and submits them to the insurance company in writing.

Here's a summary of the recommended UIM coverage limits:

Remember, it's always better to be safe than sorry. Having uninsured motorist coverage can save you from financial ruin in the event of an accident with an uninsured driver.

Additional Coverage Options

Umbrella insurance is a type of extra liability insurance that covers claims beyond the limits of your homeowner's, auto, and other types of insurances.

13% of personal injury liability awards and settlements are for $1 million or more, making umbrella insurance a crucial protection for those with assets such as real property with lots of equity.

If you have assets to protect, consider having $1 million of umbrella coverage, as this is the recommended amount to ensure you're adequately protected against large judgments.

Uninsured/Underinsured Motorist (UM)

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Florida was ranked sixth in the country for uninsured drivers, with nearly one in five drivers, or over 3 million drivers, not carrying any car insurance.

In Florida, nearly another 25% of drivers carry the state mandatory minimum of PIP and PD, leaving about half the drivers without insurance that will compensate you for your injuries if they crash into you.

You must purchase bodily injury insurance to get uninsured motorist coverage, and your UM limits should be the same as your BI limits.

If you don't have Uninsured Motorist Coverage, you'll be left with outstanding medical bills, lost wages, loss of future wages, and the inability to recover for future medical bills, with no insurance company to pay you for your losses.

The recommended minimum Uninsured Motorist Coverage is $100,000 per person/$300,000 per incident.

Umbrella

Umbrella insurance is a type of extra liability insurance that covers claims beyond the limits of your other insurances.

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If you have assets such as real property with lots of equity, you should probably have an umbrella insurance policy. 13% of personal injury liability awards and settlements are for $1 million or more.

You may not need umbrella insurance if you don't have significant assets to protect. In that case, you may have to file for bankruptcy if you're involved in an accident and the damages exceed your insurance limits.

I recommend having at least $1 million of umbrella coverage to protect your assets.

Medical Payment

Medical Payment is a coverage that pays the remaining 20% of medical bills not covered by Personal Injury Protection (PIP) coverage, typically in the amount of $5,000.00.

Carrying Medical Payment coverage used to be a must, but now you should be aware of the potential catch: your insurance company may deduct the amount they paid for Medical Payment from your settlement if you recover money from the other driver's carrier.

This is known as a Right of Subrogation, and it's essential to understand the implications before deciding whether to carry Medical Payment coverage.

Risk and Protection

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Liability coverage is a must-have to protect yourself and others from financial ruin in the event of an accident. Oregon law requires a minimum liability coverage of $25,000 for injuries or death to any one person.

Having at least $100,000 per person and $300,000 per accident in liability coverage for personal injuries is a good rule of thumb. This ensures you're prepared for worst-case scenarios.

You should also consider buying a minimum of property damage coverage of $20,000 per accident. This will help cover the cost of damages to vehicles, personal property, and buildings caused by a car accident.

Oregon's split limit coverage requires a minimum of $50,000 for everyone injured or killed in any one accident. This is in addition to the $25,000 per person limit.

Having sufficient liability coverage can give you peace of mind and protect your assets in the event of an accident.

Getting the Right Coverage

You'll want to consider the liability limits of your policy, which can range from $100,000 to $1 million or more.

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A standard policy typically includes a split limit, with $100,000 per person and $300,000 per occurrence.

The type of business you're in and the level of risk involved will dictate the coverage you need.

For example, a construction company may require higher liability limits than a small retail store.

Businesses with more employees may also need higher limits due to the increased risk of accidents.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a good amount of personal liability coverage?

For adequate personal liability coverage, aim for an amount equal to your net worth, as it can help prevent costly lawsuits and encourage settlements. This balance can help protect your assets and financial security.

Wilbur Huels

Senior Writer

Here is a 100-word author bio for Wilbur Huels: Wilbur Huels is a seasoned writer with a keen interest in finance and investing. With a strong background in research and analysis, he brings a unique perspective to his writing, making complex topics accessible to a wide range of readers. His articles have been featured in various publications, covering topics such as investment funds and their role in shaping the global financial landscape.

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