Joint accounts can be a great way to share financial responsibilities with a partner, but it's essential to understand the implications of joint account news.
Joint accounts can be either "joint with right of survivorship" or "joint with right of survivorship and a right of partition", which means that if one account holder passes away, the remaining account holder will inherit the funds.
In the US, joint accounts are governed by state law, and some states have different rules regarding joint account ownership.
The IRS considers joint accounts as a single entity for tax purposes, which can affect how taxes are filed and paid.
What Is a Joint Account?
A joint account is a bank or brokerage account shared between two or more individuals. It's most commonly used by relatives, couples, or business partners who have a level of familiarity and trust with each other.
Joint accounts function like standard accounts, allowing anyone named on the account to access its funds. This means all owners can withdraw cash, write checks, and make online payments.
Joint accounts are useful for handling shared expenses, but it's essential to open one with someone you trust, since that person has equal control over the account's funds.
What Is?
A joint account is a bank or brokerage account shared between two or more individuals.
Joint accounts are often used by relatives, couples, or business partners who have a level of familiarity and trust with each other.
Anyone named on a joint account can access its funds.
A joint account functions like a standard account, such as a checking or savings account.
How They Work
A joint account works similarly to other bank accounts, with joint checking accounts allowing you to write checks and use a debit card, and joint savings accounts keeping your money safe and paying interest.
Joint account owners have full control over the account, and each account owner can get a debit card, write checks, and make purchases. Both account holders can also add funds or withdraw them from the account.
The money in a joint account belongs to both owners, and either person can withdraw or spend the money at will, even if they weren’t the one to deposit the funds.
Here are some common privileges of joint account ownership:
- View balances.
- Deposit money.
- Order and use a debit card.
- Stop payment on a check.
- Transfer money to an individual account.
- Spend money from the account.
Keep in mind that joint account management depends on state law and your account agreement, and one account owner can withdraw funds as they wish or close the joint account, according to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.
Benefits and Advantages
Joint accounts can be a game-changer for couples combining their finances, allowing them to bypass minimum balance requirements and reap the benefits of a specific account type.
Having a joint account can also be helpful for newer couples who are combining their finances, making it easier to have a single account for rent, mortgage, bills, and other joint debts.
Joint accounts can provide several benefits, including the ability to monitor a child's spending habits and quickly transfer money to a joint account when necessary.
Here are some of the key benefits of joint accounts:
- Parents can monitor a child’s spending habits and can quickly transfer money to a joint account when necessary.
- Couples can use cash in a joint account to cover shared expenses such as rent, utilities and food, as well as shared savings goals, such as setting aside money for a vacation.
- Adult children can help aging parents manage their finances.
- A joint account can be set up so that if a parent dies, an adult child has immediate access to funds in the account, avoiding a potentially lengthy legal process.
- Each account holder is federally insured up to $250,000 at a bank or credit union.
Uses and Benefits
Having a joint account can be a game-changer for couples who are combining their finances. By pooling their money, two people can bypass minimum balance requirements and reap the benefits of a specific account type.
Joint accounts can also be helpful for newer couples who are just starting out. It's easier to have a single account into which they can deposit their paychecks and make payments for their rent or mortgage, bills, or other joint debts.
A senior may find it helpful to add one of their children or another authorized user to their accounts to pay bills and do routine banking on their behalf if and when they are not able to do so on their own.
Here are some key benefits of joint bank accounts:
- Parents can monitor a child’s spending habits and can quickly transfer money to a joint account when necessary.
- Couples can use cash in a joint account to cover shared expenses such as rent, utilities and food, as well as shared savings goals, such as setting aside money for a vacation.
- Adult children can help aging parents manage their finances.
- A joint account can be set up so that if a parent dies, an adult child has immediate access to funds in the account, avoiding a potentially lengthy legal process.
- Each account holder is federally insured up to $250,000 at a bank or credit union.
Joint accounts make it easy to pay bills and track expenses, as each account holder can see the balance and add money to the account.
More Insurance Coverage
You can qualify for more than the standard $250,000 in NCUA or FDIC insurance for an individual account, depending on the number of joint owners and account setup.
Using NCUA's insurance estimator for credit unions and FDIC's insurance calculator for banks can help you determine how much insurance you could qualify for.
With joint bank accounts, each account holder gets up to $250,000 of FDIC coverage, potentially bringing your total coverage to $500,000.
This means the safety of your funds is ensured if an institution fails, thanks to the extra insurance coverage available.
Who Can Have a Joint Account?
You can have a joint account with anyone you trust, but it's especially useful for couples who manage their money together and share household expenses.
In most circumstances, state law provides that anyone who can write checks on the account has the ability to close the account. This means you should talk to your spouse or partner about who should have access to the account and what the rules are.
A joint account can be a great option for business partners who need to cover expenses and payroll, or for parents who want to oversee their children's savings as they learn positive money habits.
Marriage
Marriage can bring many changes to your financial situation, and one common consideration is opening a joint bank account. Couples may find it valuable to open a joint account even before the wedding to pay for the event.
Joint bank accounts can be useful for newlyweds, especially if they live together. In fact, some couples may find it helpful to open a joint account to pay for household expenses before the wedding.
According to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, FDIC insurance covers up to $250,000 per co-owner, so the total coverage for the account is $500,000. This can provide peace of mind for couples who are combining their assets.
Some married couples choose to share a joint account while also maintaining separate personal accounts. This can be a good option if you want to keep some of your money separate for "fun money" or other personal expenses.
Ultimately, whether or not to open a joint bank account is a personal decision that depends on your relationship with your spouse. If you're considering opening a joint account, make sure you talk to your spouse about how you'd like to manage the account and who should have access to it.
Here are some examples of times when a joint bank account makes sense for married couples:
- Couples who manage their money together and share household expenses
- Couples who want to save for a down payment on a home
For Teens
If you're a teenager, you can have a joint account with a parent or guardian. This type of account can have lower fees.
Consider opening a teen checking account, which can place daily restrictions on how much cash you can withdraw from an ATM. These accounts may also have lower fees.
You'll need to check with your bank to see if they offer teen accounts. If they don't, you may need to open an account at a different financial institution.
Work
Having a joint account can be a great way to manage finances with someone you trust. You can establish a joint account permanently or temporarily, depending on your needs.
Both parties must be present at the bank when opening a joint account, including deposit accounts, credit cards, and other credit products. This ensures that both parties are aware of the account's terms and conditions.
Joint accounts can be titled with an "and" or an "or" between the account holders' names, which determines how access to the funds is handled. If the account is listed as an "and" account, both parties must sign to access the funds, while an "or" account only requires one party's signature.
Joint account holders have full use and responsibility for any payments, fees, or charges incurred. This includes deposit accounts, credit cards, and other credit products.
You can typically view balances, deposit money, order and use a debit card, stop payment on a check, transfer money to an individual account, and spend money from the account as a joint account owner. However, joint account management depends on state law and your account agreement.
Here are some examples of times when a joint bank account makes sense:
- Couples who manage their money together and share household expenses
- Adults sharing a joint bank account with their elderly parents
- Business partners sharing a joint business account to cover expenses and payroll
- Parents opening a joint account with their children to oversee their savings as they learn positive money habits
Rights of Survivorship
Joint accounts can be a convenient way to manage shared expenses, but it's essential to understand the rights of survivorship when one account holder passes away. The funds in a joint account can be distributed according to state law and the account's ownership type.
Joint Tenants with Rights of Survivorship (JTWROS) is one option, where the assets in the account pass to the surviving parties outside of probate. This means the surviving account holder can access the funds immediately to pay bills without going through the legal process.
Tenants in Common (TIC) is another option, where each joint holder can designate their beneficiary for their portion of the assets. This allows for a more customized distribution of assets rather than a 50/50 split.
Joint Tenants is a third option, which mandates a 50/50 split of the assets in the joint account. This is the most straightforward way to divide assets, but it may not be suitable for all situations.
The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau notes that one account owner can withdraw funds as they wish or close the joint account, regardless of the account's ownership type. This highlights the importance of choosing the right ownership type for your joint account.
Here are the key differences between JTWROS, TIC, and Joint Tenants:
Ultimately, the choice of ownership type will depend on your individual circumstances and the needs of your joint account.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can you withdraw money from a joint account if one person dies?
No, you cannot withdraw money from a joint account if one person dies, as the account will pass to the surviving owner(s) according to the 'rights of survivorship' agreement
Will a joint account be frozen if one person dies?
No, a joint account will not be frozen if one person dies, but the bank may need a death certificate to transfer the funds to the surviving owner
Sources
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/banking/joint-checking-account
- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/j/jointaccount.asp
- https://www.bankrate.com/banking/what-is-a-joint-bank-account/
- https://www.becu.org/blog/joint-accounts-pros-and-cons-for-couples
- https://www.federalreserve.gov/paymentsystems/joint_requests.htm
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