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Qualifying for small business health insurance can seem overwhelming, but it doesn't have to be. To get started, you need to have at least one employee, not including yourself, to be eligible for group health insurance.
Small businesses with fewer than 25 employees may be eligible for the Small Business Health Care Tax Credit, which can help offset the costs of health insurance premiums. This credit can provide up to 50% of premium costs for small businesses with fewer than 25 employees.
First, you'll need to determine the number of employees you have and their eligibility for health insurance. This will help you decide which type of plan is best for your business.
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Understanding Health Insurance
Health insurance plans are required by law to cover any legitimate medical condition, including minor doctor visits and major events like pregnancy or surgery. This means you can get the care you need without worrying about being denied coverage.
The Affordable Care Act sets a standard for minimum essential coverage, which includes affordability and protection from pre-existing conditions. This means your insurance plan must cover at least 60% of out-of-pocket expenses and can't deny you coverage based on your past health history.
Here are the 10 Essential Benefits that all medical plans must include:
- Maternity and newborn care
- Preventive services (e.g. vaccinations, screenings)
- Lab tests and screenings
- Emergency services
- Rehabilitation and habilitation services
- Pediatric services (including dental and vision care)
- Chronic disease management
- Behavioral health treatment (e.g. mental health, substance abuse)
- Palliative care
- Essential hospital services
What Are Metal Tiers?
Metal Tiers in health insurance can be a bit confusing, but essentially they determine how much of your medical costs are covered by your insurance plan and how much you'll have to pay out-of-pocket.
Platinum plans are the most expensive, but they also cover the most, with a typical 90% coverage rate and a 10% employee contribution.
Gold plans, on the other hand, have a slightly lower coverage rate of around 80%, which means employees pay 20% of the cost of services.
Silver plans have a lower monthly premium than Gold plans, but the out-of-pocket costs for services are lower too, with a typical 70% coverage rate and a 30% employee contribution.
Bronze plans have the lowest monthly premiums, but the highest out-of-pocket costs, with a typical 60% coverage rate and a 40% employee contribution.
Here's a quick summary of the Metal Tiers:
What Type of Doctor Network Does My Area Have?
Your area's doctor network can significantly impact your health insurance costs and access to medical care. The type of doctor network available through your insurance plan will have a substantial impact on both your monthly premium costs and the availability of doctors and medical providers who will accept the insurance coverage.
Insurance plans with the largest doctor networks will typically cost the most in premiums. The primary types of doctor networks are PPO (Preferred Provider Organization), HMO (Health Maintenance Organization), and EPO (Exclusive Provider Organization).
Benefits
Small business health insurance offers a range of benefits that can help protect your employees' health and financial well-being.
You have the flexibility to choose from multiple plans or offer only health or dental coverage, depending on your business needs. This flexibility allows you to tailor your benefits to suit your employees' needs.
Your employees will appreciate the choice of enrolling directly with the carrier or with the assistance of a SHOP-registered agent.
Explore further: 5 Essential Reasons Why Your Business Needs Insurance
Here are the essential health benefits that all health insurance plans must cover:
- Preventive Care – annual physicals, ob-gyn visits, immunizations, and screenings for chronic diseases
- Ambulatory Patient Services – care received outside of the hospital, such as doctor's office visits and emergency room care
- Emergency Services – emergency room visits and ambulance rides
- Hospitalization – care received in the hospital, including surgery, lab tests, and medication
- Maternity Care – care received before and after childbirth
- Prescription Drugs – medications prescribed by a doctor to treat an illness or condition
- Lab Tests – testing to diagnose illnesses or monitor treatment effectiveness
- Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services – inpatient and outpatient evaluation and treatment for mental health disorders or substance abuse
- Rehab Services – care and equipment to help recover from injuries or chronic conditions
- Pediatric Services – dental care and vision care for children under 19
This list represents the 10 essential health benefits that all health insurance plans must cover, ensuring that your employees receive comprehensive care for a wide range of medical needs.
Shopping and Enrollment
You can purchase SHOP coverage for your employees at any time of the year. Premiums charged cannot be adjusted more frequently than annually, except in certain circumstances.
To find the best value for your money, understand how cost-sharing works. Some plans will pay for 80% of a covered service, while others will pay 70%. Your employees must pay the rest. Plans that require an employee to share a higher percentage of the cost of services will have lower premiums, but could cost your employees more in the long run.
You can start offering SHOP coverage to your employees anytime, and small businesses are guaranteed to be approved for coverage. Insurance carriers cannot decline coverage to the company or any individual employees for any pre-existing medical conditions.
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Here's a breakdown of the SHOP enrollment process:
- Filling out a company application
- Filling out an enrollment form for each employee
- Uploading proof of payroll
- Making the 1st month premium payment
This process can be completed online in just a few steps, and you can begin coverage on the 1st of every month.
Starting a Plan and Enrollment
You can start offering SHOP coverage to your employees anytime, without waiting for an Open Enrollment Period. This is a huge advantage for small business employers who want to provide health insurance to their employees.
Small businesses can begin coverage on the 1st of every month, so there's no need to wait for an open enrollment period to get coverage. Insurance carriers just require applications to be submitted before the 1st of the month to get coverage.
The enrollment process for SHOP coverage is easy and online. You'll need to fill out a company application, an enrollment form for each employee, upload proof of payroll, and make the 1st month premium payment.
Here are the 4 steps to enroll your employees in SHOP coverage:
- Filling out a company application
- Filling out an enrollment form for each employee
- Uploading proof of payroll
- Making the 1st month premium payment
Small businesses are guaranteed to be approved for coverage, and insurance carriers cannot decline coverage to the company or any individual employees for any pre-existing medical conditions. This is a big relief for small business owners who want to provide health insurance to their employees.
Following Up After Departure
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You've got to keep in mind that employees who leave their job have the option to keep their coverage for a while.
Under state and federal law, they can do this, and you need to inform them of their options.
Former employees who choose to keep their coverage will pay the full cost of the plan, with no contribution from their former employer.
This applies to employers with 20 or more employees under the federal COBRA law, and employers of any size under state continuation law.
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Premiums and Costs
As a small business owner, understanding the costs of health insurance is crucial to making informed decisions for your business and employees. Businesses with more employees pay lower premiums, as the financial risk is smaller and the cost of claims can be absorbed by more employees.
The type of insurance you select will also impact your costs, with more comprehensive plans driving up premiums. These plans often cover preventive care and prescription drugs, which cost more to provide.
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The age of your employees is another factor that can affect your monthly premium. Older employees or those with more chronic conditions may be more expensive to insure than younger, healthier employees.
Major cities tend to have higher costs, so if you're based in a large metropolitan area, you can expect to pay more for health insurance. Additionally, small businesses with high claims may have to pay higher premiums, as the insurance company views them as a higher risk.
Insurance companies may raise premiums due to changes in health care costs, the age of your employees, or employee tobacco use. However, they can't raise premiums because of your employees' health, and they must provide coverage to employees with pre-existing conditions.
Here's a breakdown of the average costs of small business health insurance:
- Employers contributed $22,463 to family health coverage in 2022
- Employees contributed $6,106 towards the cost of coverage
- Businesses covered 73% of costs
- Employers contributed $6,650 to individual employees' premiums
- Employees of small businesses contributed $1,362
As a business owner, you can control how much you contribute to the monthly premiums. In some states, you're required to contribute at least a certain percentage, such as 25% in Texas. Contributing more can help you retain and recruit top talent, but it's essential to find a balance that works for your business.
Sources
- https://www.marketplace.virginia.gov/small-business-employers
- https://www.bcbstxcommunications.com/shopsmallbusiness/articles/2022/understanding-the-cost-of-small-business-health-insurance-plans.html
- https://www.tdi.texas.gov/pubs/consumer/cb040.html
- https://www.doi.sc.gov/804/Information-for-Small-Businesses
- https://www.simplyinsured.com/advice/small-business-health-insurance-101
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