
Debit card disputes can be a real hassle, but knowing your rights can help. You can dispute a debit card charge up to 60 days from the date of the transaction.
The good news is that you don't have to be present to dispute a charge, and you can do it over the phone, online, or in person.
Dispute Process
The dispute process for debit card charges is governed by the Electronic Fund Transfer Act (EFTA) and Regulation E. You have the right to dispute "errors" related to your debit card, which includes unauthorized EFTs, incorrect EFTs, and computational or bookkeeping errors.
To dispute a debit card charge, you must do so in writing within 60 days of the date you receive your periodic statement. You can also dispute a charge over the phone, but it's recommended to follow up with a written letter to ensure you have the full protection of the law.
The dispute process typically takes around 30 days to resolve, during which time you are not liable to make payments for the disputed charge. If you're disputing a charge for goods or services, Regulation E does not apply, but you can still dispute the charge under the Fair Credit Billing Act (FCBA) if it meets certain criteria.
What Is a Claim?
A dispute comes first, and if it can't be resolved, it can be escalated to a claim. This is a more serious step in the process, where the buyer requests a refund for the purchase from the payment processor.
If the dispute can't be resolved, either party can escalate it to a claim, which is a formal request for a refund. This usually involves providing additional information to the payment processor.
The buyer can escalate a dispute to a claim if they suspect their account has experienced fraud. This can be done without first creating a dispute, but it's usually a last resort.
There is a 20-day period between when a buyer first opens a dispute and when it can be escalated to a claim. During this time, both the buyer and seller are asked to provide additional information before a decision can be reached.
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PayPal Dispute Process
If you're having issues with a PayPal transaction, you can file a dispute with the company. PayPal has its own dispute resolution process, but buyers also have the option of filing a chargeback with their own debit or credit card issuer.
The process for filing a chargeback with your card issuer is determined by the issuer, although sellers have an opportunity to dispute the chargeback through PayPal. You can review your credit card statements to look out for suspicious activity and contact the bank immediately to dispute the charge.
To initiate a dispute, you'll need to contact your credit card issuer within a certain timeframe, which varies by issuer but is usually around 30 days. During this time, the merchant can provide documentation to support their claim, such as signed receipts or contracts.
You have the right to dispute certain types of errors under the Fair Credit Billing Act, including unauthorized charges, charges that list the wrong date or amount, and charges for goods and services you didn't accept or that weren't delivered as agreed.
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Here are some examples of errors you can dispute under the FCBA:
- Unauthorized charges
- Charges that list the wrong date or amount
- Charges for goods and services you didn’t accept or that weren’t delivered as agreed
- Math errors
- Failure to post payments and other credits, such as returned items
- Failure to send bills to your current address (assuming the creditor has your change of address in writing, at least 20 days before the billing period ends)
- Charges for which you ask for an explanation or written proof of purchase, along with a claimed error or request for clarification
If you're disputing a credit card charge, you should send a dispute letter to your credit card issuer at the address listed for billing disputes, errors, or inquiries. The credit card issuer must acknowledge your dispute in writing within 30 days of getting it, unless the problem has been resolved.
Timeframes and Reasonings
You've got a few years to dispute a debit card charge, but the clock is ticking. The time limit is typically 30-60 days from the date of the transaction.
The bank's investigation process usually takes around 30-60 days, so it's essential to act quickly. This timeframe may vary depending on the bank's policies and procedures.
Reasoning is key when disputing a debit card charge. You'll need to provide evidence to support your claim, such as a receipt or a cancelled check.
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Types of Disputes
There are two types of disputes you can initiate: one under the Fair Credit Billing Act (FCBA) and the other under Chargeback laws.
Under the FCBA, you can dispute unauthorized charges, charges that list the wrong date or amount, charges for goods and services you didn’t accept or that weren’t delivered as agreed, math errors, and more.
A dispute under the Chargeback laws is a bit different, and it involves the actual reversal of funds from the merchant's account back to you.
Here are the key differences between a dispute under the FCBA and a dispute under the Chargeback laws:
Both types of disputes have their own rules and regulations, so it's essential to understand the differences before initiating a dispute.
Types of Disputes
There are two main types of credit card disputes: disputes under the Fair Credit Billing Act (FCBA) and disputes under Chargeback laws. Disputes under the FCBA are initiated when a cardholder contests a transaction due to issues such as unauthorized charges, product not received, or dissatisfaction with the product or service.
Disputes under Chargeback laws, on the other hand, involve the actual reversal of funds from the merchant's account back to the customer. The terms dispute and chargeback are often used interchangeably, but they have different rules and regulations.
Under the FCBA, you have the right to dispute certain types of errors, including unauthorized charges, charges that list the wrong date or amount, and charges for goods and services you didn’t accept or that weren’t delivered as agreed. You can file a dispute under the FCBA by sending a dispute letter to your credit card issuer within 60 days of receiving the statement with the billing error.
Here are the types of errors you have the right to dispute under the FCBA:
- Unauthorized charges
- Charges that list the wrong date or amount
- Charges for goods and services you didn’t accept or that weren’t delivered as agreed
- Math errors
- Failure to post payments and other credits, such as returned items
- Failure to send bills to your current address (assuming the creditor has your change of address in writing, at least 20 days before the billing period ends)
- Charges for which you ask for an explanation or written proof of purchase, along with a claimed error or request for clarification
It's worth noting that some credit card issuers may have their own time frames for disputing charges, so it's always a good idea to check your credit card agreement or contact your issuer directly for more information.
Discover
Discover has a general time limit of 120 days to initiate a chargeback. You can file a chargeback for a few specific reasons, but be aware that they may not always enforce this.
If you haven't received the goods or services, you can file a chargeback. This is one of the reasons Discover will consider extending the 120-day time limit.
Discover may accept chargebacks even past 120 days in good faith, but this is not always the case.
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Preventing and Resolving
To prevent disputes, review orders for signs of fraud or suspicious activity, such as large orders or shipping to high-risk locations. Make sure your business name is clearly displayed on invoices so customers can easily recognize charges.
Reviewing orders regularly can help you catch potential issues before they become disputes. Keep an eye out for transactions that show unusual patterns, like large orders or requests to change the shipping address after payment.
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Some common reasons for chargebacks include item not received by the customer, customer doesn't recognize the transaction, and transaction was made fraudulently. By being proactive and catching these issues early, you can reduce the likelihood of disputes.
If a dispute does occur, respond promptly to the chargeback, usually within 30 days. Provide documentation such as signed receipts and contracts to show that the chargeback is in error.
Here are some strategies to help you resolve disputes:
- Review your credit card statements regularly to catch errors and suspicious activity.
- Contact the bank immediately to dispute the charge if you find an error or fraudulent activity.
- Send a dispute letter to the credit card issuer in writing to have the protection of the law.
- Keep records of all correspondence and communication with the credit card issuer and merchant.
By being proactive and following these strategies, you can reduce the likelihood of disputes and resolve them quickly and efficiently.
Understanding Charges
A chargeback is essentially a refund that returns funds taken from an account through a prior purchase. It differs from a voided charge, which is never fully authorized for settlement.
Chargebacks are done for charges that have been fully processed and settled, and must be reversed through an electronic process involving multiple entities, such as Stripe and PayPal.
There are specific types of errors you have the right to dispute under the Fair Credit Billing Act (FCBA), including unauthorized charges, math errors, and failure to post payments.
Here are the types of errors you have the right to dispute under the FCBA:
- Unauthorized charges
- Charges that list the wrong date or amount
- Charges for goods and services you didn’t accept or that weren’t delivered as agreed
- Math errors
- Failure to post payments and other credits, such as returned items
- Failure to send bills to your current address (assuming the creditor has your change of address in writing, at least 20 days before the billing period ends)
- Charges for which you ask for an explanation or written proof of purchase, along with a claimed error or request for clarification
Chargebacks can be granted to a cardholder for a variety of reasons, including disputes over unauthorized charges, math errors, and failure to post payments.
What Is a Charge?
A charge is essentially a refund in disguise, returning funds taken from an account through a prior purchase.
Chargebacks are a type of charge that's returned to a payment card after a customer disputes an item on their account statement or transactions report. This can happen on debit cards or credit cards.
Chargebacks can be granted for various reasons, and the process of reversing them involves multiple entities. This is in contrast to a voided charge, which is never fully authorized for settlement.
Chargebacks are only done for charges that have been fully processed and settled, and they must be reversed through an electronic process.
Here's a quick rundown of the entities involved in the chargeback process:
- Stripe: a payment processor
- PayPal: a payment processor and guide to dispute resolution
Understanding
Understanding chargebacks can be a bit confusing, but it's actually quite straightforward. A chargeback is essentially a refund, returning funds taken from an account through a prior purchase.
Chargebacks differ from voided charges, which are never fully authorized for settlement. They're also done for charges that have been fully processed and settled, and must be reversed through an electronic process involving multiple entities.
You have the right to dispute a credit card charge under the Fair Credit Billing Act (FCBA). This law protects you from unauthorized charges, math errors, and other types of errors.
Here are the types of errors you have the right to dispute under the FCBA:
- Unauthorized charges
- Charges that list the wrong date or amount
- Charges for goods and services you didn’t accept or that weren’t delivered as agreed
- Math errors
- Failure to post payments and other credits, such as returned items
- Failure to send bills to your current address (assuming the creditor has your change of address in writing, at least 20 days before the billing period ends)
- Charges for which you ask for an explanation or written proof of purchase, along with a claimed error or request for clarification
To file a dispute, you must send the dispute letter to the creditor within 60 days by mail after receiving the disputed statement.
Sources
- https://www.consumercomplianceoutlook.org/2016/first-issue/credit-debit-card-issuers-obligations-consumers-displute-transactions/
- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/chargeback.asp
- https://www.paypal.com/us/brc/article/customer-disputes-claims-chargebacks-bank-reversals
- https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/what-do-if-youre-billed-things-you-never-got-or-you-get-unordered-products
- https://www.credit.com/blog/how-long-do-you-have-to-dispute-a-credit-card-charge/
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