
Health insurance cooperatives offer a unique alternative to traditional health insurance plans. They are member-owned and controlled, with the goal of providing affordable and high-quality healthcare to their members.
Cooperatives are not-for-profit organizations, which means that any surplus funds are reinvested into the organization to benefit its members. This approach allows cooperatives to keep costs low and pass the savings on to their members.
One of the key benefits of health insurance cooperatives is that they can tailor their plans to meet the specific needs of their members. This can include offering a range of plan options, from basic to comprehensive, to suit different budgets and health needs.
What is a Co-op?
A CO-OP is a new type of nonprofit health insurer that is directed by its customers, uses profits for customers' benefit, and is designed to offer individuals and small businesses affordable, customer-friendly, and high-quality health insurance options.
CO-OPs operate in various capacities, including locally, statewide, or in multiple states.
They must be licensed as issuers in each state in which they operate and are subject to state laws and regulations that apply to all similarly-situated issuers.
How Co-ops Work
So, you're interested in learning how health co-ops work? A health co-op is a type of health insurance option that's owned by doctors and members who join to receive benefits.
Members pay membership fees and quarterly premiums, which helps the doctors keep a good supply of medicine and pay their staff on time. This in turn improves the quality of care that patients receive.
A co-pay is due when members receive care, which is a common practice in many health insurance plans.
Benefits and Features
By joining a health insurance cooperative, you can enjoy greater financial security and peace of mind. Members are protected from large health care costs, which means they're less likely to sell assets or borrow money to pay for care.
This protection allows people to make decisions based on their health needs, rather than their bank account. They're more likely to seek care when they're sick, which can lead to better health outcomes and a faster recovery.
With a co-op, you're not alone in managing your health care costs. You're part of a community that looks out for one another and works together to make health care more affordable and accessible.
Less Financial Risk
Being part of a co-op is like having a safety net for your health care costs. Members are protected from large expenses, which means they can breathe a sigh of relief knowing they won't have to worry about going broke.
This financial security is a major advantage, as it reduces the likelihood of selling assets or borrowing money to pay for care. The stress of not knowing how to cover medical bills is a thing of the past.
Because co-op members aren't afraid of the cost of care, they're more likely to seek medical attention when they need it. This proactive approach to health care can lead to better outcomes and a healthier lifestyle.
Benefits for Doctors
Doctors who work with co-ops see a significant financial boost. They recover $6.38 USD per co-op member patient, which is a substantial increase.
The cost recovery for doctors is determined by subtracting the cost of treatment from the amount patients pay for treatment. This results in a net gain for doctors.
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One-fourth of the doctors surveyed said that working with co-ops has improved the quality of care at their center. This suggests that co-ops are not only financially beneficial but also lead to better patient outcomes.
Doctors also avoid losses when working with co-ops. In fact, they lose $0.50 USD per patient who pays out of pocket, but this is more than made up for by the revenue from co-op members.
Co-op Operations
In a health co-op, members pay membership fees and quarterly premiums, which helps fund the care they receive.
Members also pay a co-pay when they receive care, which is a common practice in many health insurance plans.
The doctors who own the co-op use the premiums to ensure a good supply of medicine, which is essential for providing quality care.
This approach helps the co-op stay financially stable and provide better care to its members.
Co-op Licensing Requirements
Co-op licensing requirements can be complex, but understanding them is crucial for success. CO-OPs must meet the same State requirements as all other similarly-situated health insurance issuers.

To achieve licensure, CO-OPs must work with the relevant State Departments of Insurance or licensing agencies. This process can be time-consuming, but it's essential for getting started.
CO-OPs are not eligible for loans under the CO-OP program if they're sponsored by pre-existing issuers, holding companies that control pre-existing issuers, or foundations established by pre-existing issuers. This is a key factor to consider when applying.
Organizations that receive 25 percent or more of their total funding from pre-existing issuers and their agents are also ineligible for the CO-OP program. This rule applies to all funding sources, excluding any loans received from the CO-OP Program.
CO-OPs can receive grants and other funding from a State or local government, as long as they're not controlled by a governmental entity and don't receive more than 40% of their total funding from a State or local government. This can be a valuable source of funding for CO-OPs.
CO-OPs that operate in multiple States may establish a State of domicile for licensure and file expansion applications to achieve licensure in other States. This can help streamline the licensure process and make it easier to expand operations.
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Here are some key points to keep in mind:
- CO-OPs must meet the same State requirements as all other similarly-situated health insurance issuers.
- CO-OPs are not eligible for loans if they're sponsored by pre-existing issuers or receive 25% or more of their funding from pre-existing issuers.
- CO-OPs can receive funding from a State or local government, but must meet certain conditions.
- CO-OPs that operate in multiple States can establish a State of domicile for licensure and file expansion applications.
Provider Directory
To access the provider directory, go to group-health.com and navigate to the "Find a Doctor" section.
You can also access the directory directly by going to group-health.com/members/find-a-doctor.
Choose "Members" from the drop-down menu, then select "Find a Doctor."
In the "Select A Plan" drop-down menu, choose State of WI (ETF) Common Ground.
To request a printed directory be mailed to you, call Member Services at 833-742-0952.
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Referrals, Authorizations, Out-of-Network
Referrals, Authorizations, Out-of-Network can be a bit confusing, but let's break it down.
You don't need a referral to see an in-network provider, which is great for convenience.
All out-of-network requests require prior authorization, so be sure to plan ahead if you need to see someone outside of your network.
Certain in-network services and all admissions also require prior authorization, so it's essential to check with your provider before scheduling anything.
You'll receive written notification of the approval or denial for the prior authorization, which will let you know what's next.
Members with low back pain must participate in a shared decision-making tool to review options and outcomes, and clarify their personal values.
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Getting Care
Members of the co-op get sick less often. This is a great benefit for those who join.
When members do get sick, they are more likely to get treatment. They also seek treatment earlier than people who aren't in co-ops.
Women in co-ops are more likely to get prenatal, postnatal, and delivery care. This is a significant advantage for expectant mothers.
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Co-op Options
In Texas, there are two types of private purchasing cooperatives: private purchasing cooperatives and small employer health coalitions. Both can provide health insurance options for small employers.
Private purchasing cooperatives, authorized by HB 2055 in 1993, allow two or more small or large employers to form a group for purchasing health benefit plans. They can limit membership for various reasons, but not based on health status or experience. Employers may experience savings due to larger group size factors and volume of purchases.
Small employer health coalitions, created by HB 897 in 2003, are a special type of cooperative made up of only small employers. They can also limit membership, but not based on health status or experience. Small employers with fewer employees may experience savings as a result of the coalition's larger group size factor.
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Employers considering a private purchasing cooperative or small employer health coalition should note that an original private purchasing cooperative is considered a single small employer for benefit elections, but not for issuance of coverage or rating. This means that the cooperative may act as the employer when choosing a plan, but may not be guaranteed issuance of coverage in the same manner as a small employer.
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Private Purchasing Cooperative
In Texas, private purchasing cooperatives have been around since 1993, when HB 2055 was enacted by the 73rd Texas Legislature.
These cooperatives allow two or more small or large employers to form a group for buying health benefit plans.
Employers can limit membership in a cooperative for various reasons, but not because of an employer's or employee's health status or experience.
An original private purchasing cooperative is considered a single small employer when choosing a plan, cost-sharing provisions, and optional benefits, but not for issuance of coverage or rating.
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Employers can experience savings through a cooperative due to larger group size factors, volume of purchases, and potential administrative savings for the carrier.
Here's a quick rundown of the benefits of private purchasing cooperatives:
- Larger group size factors can lead to savings
- Volume of purchases can result in lower costs
- Potential administrative savings for the carrier can also benefit employers
Small Employer Coalition
HB 897, enacted by the 78th Texas Legislature in 2003, created a special type of private purchasing cooperative called the Small Employer Health Coalition.
A small employer health coalition can limit its membership for various reasons, but not due to the health status or experience of an employer or employee.
Small employers with 2-50 employees can form a coalition, which is treated as a single small employer. This means guaranteed issuance of coverage and a single rating, rather than separate ratings for each employer member.
This larger group size factor can result in savings for small employers with fewer employees.
Small employers interested in forming or joining a coalition can find more information on the Small Employer Health Coalition website.
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Health Group
Health group cooperatives offer an alternative to traditional health insurance plans. They can be formed by any person, other than a health carrier, and must have at least ten employer members to purchase coverage from a participating health carrier.
A health group cooperative can be composed of small, large, or both types of employers. Membership can be restricted to employers within a single industry grouping, as defined by the North American Industry Classification System.
Employers that join a health group cooperative must commit to purchasing coverage through the cooperative for two years, but may cease purchasing coverage upon demonstrating financial hardship. This commitment ensures stability and predictability for health carriers.
A health group cooperative may grow to any size, yet is still considered a single large employer for the purposes of issuance of coverage and rating. This allows the cooperative to purchase coverage from any health carrier participating in the health group cooperative market.
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Health carriers providing coverage to a health group cooperative may offer a health benefit plan that does not include state-mandated benefits. This freedom from state mandates is similar to that which authorizes consumer choice health benefit plans.
Here are the different types of health group cooperatives and their requirements:
Small employer health coalitions, on the other hand, are a type of private purchasing cooperative made up of only small employers. A small employer health coalition may limit its membership for various reasons, but not due to health status or experience.
Colorado ACA Plans
Colorado is home to a unique health insurance option called Colorado HealthOP, which is the state's first statewide nonprofit health insurance cooperative. Colorado HealthOP offers both PPO and lower-cost EPO plan options.
Colorado HealthOP was formed as a non-profit organization and approved for federal funding within the Affordable Care Act in 2012. This cooperative is designed to provide affordable health insurance options to Coloradans.
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The Colorado HealthOP offers statewide coverage via the Cofinity and EPO Contracted networks. You can look up PPO and EPO providers online to see if your doctor is part of the network.
Any services received outside of Colorado or the counties in the EPO network service area will be considered Non-Network, with the exception of Emergency Health Services. Emergency Health Services will be covered as Network Benefits regardless of the provider's Network status or Service Area.
Here are some key features of Colorado HealthOP plans:
- PPO plans let you go to any doctor you choose, but you pay less if you use doctors, hospitals, and providers that belong to the plan's network.
- EPO plans limit your network, but are available at a lower cost.
Colorado HealthOP also offers a Best Price Guarantee, which means you won't find the plans they sell offered for less anywhere else. This is because health insurance rates are filed with and regulated by the Colorado Division of Insurance.
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Plan Details
Colorado HealthOP offers two types of plans: PPO and EPO. PPO plans let you go to any doctor you choose, but you pay less if you use doctors, hospitals, and providers that belong to the plan's network.
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Colorado HealthOP was formed as a non-profit organization and approved for federal funding within the Affordable Care Act in 2012. This means they are a statewide nonprofit health insurance cooperative.
The Colorado HealthOP offers statewide coverage via the Cofinity and EPO Contracted networks. You can look up PPO and EPO providers online.
If you receive services outside of Colorado or the counties in the EPO network service area, they will be considered Non-Network, except for Emergency Health Services, which will be covered as Network Benefits.
Here are the plan options available through Colorado HealthOP:
- PPO (Preferred Provider Organization) plans
- EPO (Exclusive Provider Organization) plans
You can get a custom personalized quote by emailing Colorado HealthOP, or give them a call for a free Colorado health insurance quote: (800) 416-4481.
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Co-op Services
Co-ops often provide a range of services to their members, including administrative support, claims processing, and advocacy.
One of the key benefits of a health insurance co-op is that they can offer more personalized service to their members, often with smaller staff to member ratios.
Co-ops may also provide educational resources and workshops to help members understand their coverage and make informed decisions about their health care.
Members of a co-op can also participate in decision-making processes, such as voting on policy changes or electing board members.
Co-ops often have more flexibility to innovate and respond to the needs of their members, unencumbered by the bureaucracy of larger insurance companies.
By offering these services, co-ops can help their members navigate the complexities of the health care system and make the most of their coverage.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does co-op mean in healthcare?
A co-op in healthcare refers to a non-profit organization owned by its members, such as doctors or businesses, that offers insurance through the Marketplace. This unique structure allows member-owners to benefit from the company's services and policies.
Sources
- https://www.healthpartners.com/hp/about/community-engagement/uganda/benefits-of-the-health-coop/
- https://www.cms.gov/cciio/resources/fact-sheets-and-faqs/coop_final_rule
- https://etf.wi.gov/its-your-choice/2024/common-ground-healthcare-cooperative
- https://www.tdi.texas.gov/health/lhcoopdefintyps.html
- https://www.coloradohealthinsurancebrokers.com/colorado-health-insurance-companies/colorado-healthop-aca-obamacare-plans/
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