
Diagnostic codes are a crucial part of the insurance claim process, and understanding them is essential for getting the right treatment and coverage. They are used to identify the specific medical condition or injury that led to the claim.
The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) is the most commonly used coding system in the US healthcare system. This system assigns a unique five-digit code to each diagnosis.
A single diagnosis can have multiple codes, and each code can have multiple diagnoses associated with it. For instance, a patient with a broken arm might have a code for the fracture, as well as codes for any underlying conditions that may have contributed to the injury.
Insurance companies use these codes to determine the type and amount of coverage for the claim.
Understanding Diagnostic Codes
Diagnostic codes are used to describe the reasons for a patient's visit or treatment. They are essential for insurance claims to ensure accurate reimbursement.
You can assign up to four unique diagnosis codes to a patient's claim, and they must be entered in the fields labeled A - D.
To assign diagnosis codes, use the Insurance Submittal Information window during check-out, or select Lists > Insurance Claims and click Submission Details. From there, you can enter up to four ICD codes in the fields labeled A - D.
For procedures performed on or after October 1, 2015, use only ICD-10 codes. For procedures performed before October 1, 2015, use only ICD-9 codes.
Here's a quick reference to keep in mind:
Keep in mind that accurate diagnosis coding is crucial to avoid problems with insurance claims. Review the codes listed in your Explanation of Benefits (EOB) to ensure they're correct and align with the services you received.
ICD-10 Medical Diagnosis Codes
ICD-10 Medical Diagnosis Codes are used to report medical diagnoses and inpatient procedures, replacing ICD-9 codes. This change occurred with version 7.9.1, and ICD-9 codes can still be used for procedures performed before October 1, 2015.
To enter or edit ICD-10 codes, you can select Lists > Transaction Codes and then select the Diagnostic codes filter. From there, you can choose between ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes, and the system will display the corresponding codes.
You can assign up to four unique diagnosis codes to a patient's claim, labeled A-D. For procedures performed before October 1, 2015, use only ICD-9 codes, while for procedures performed on or after October 1, 2015, use only ICD-10 codes.
Here's a breakdown of the steps to assign diagnosis codes to a medical claim:
- Use the Insurance Submittal Information window during check-out, or select Lists > Insurance Claims and click Submission Details.
- In the Diagnosis or nature of injury section, enter up to four ICD codes in the fields labeled A-D.
- In the Medical Code section, use the Diagnostic code checkboxes to associate ICD-10 codes (A, B, C, or D) with the medical procedure codes.
You can also use the Transaction Code Pick List to select up to four codes for a dental claim. To do this, click Add in the Diagnosis section and select the Diagnostic code filter. Then, choose up to four codes from the list and select a procedure from the Dental Code section.
ICD-10 codes can also be used for Section 111 reporting, and you can download the 2025 valid and excluded ICD diagnosis code lists in Excel (.xlsx) from the links provided.
Here's a list of the types of ICD codes:
- ICD-10 codes are used for medical diagnoses and inpatient procedures.
- ICD-9 codes are used for procedures performed before October 1, 2015.
- Valid ICD-10 codes are included in the valid list, while excluded ICD-10 codes are included in the excluded list.
Remember, medical codes are used to describe medical diagnoses and treatments, and they can affect what you pay and what is covered under your health insurance.
What Is 12
Denial code 12 is used when the diagnosis provided by the healthcare provider doesn't match the type of provider submitting the claim.
This discrepancy can occur when a diagnosis code doesn't align with the services typically offered by that specific provider. To understand the specific reason for the denial, it's recommended to refer to the 835 Healthcare Policy Identification Segment in the claim.
Using Medical Modifiers and Codes
Using medical modifiers can make codes more specific, and any code with a modifier must be added as a new code.
You can use ICD-10 codes for procedures performed on or after October 1, 2015, and ICD-9 codes for procedures performed before that date.
To enter ICD-10 codes manually, select Diagnostic codes from the Transaction Code List, click Add, and enter the new code in the Insurance code field.
You can assign up to four unique diagnosis codes to a patient's claim, labeled A - D, and populated with diagnosis codes found on the patient's ledger.
To assign diagnosis codes to a medical claim, enter up to four ICD codes in the fields labeled A - D in the Diagnosis or nature of injury section.
Here's a quick reference for assigning diagnosis codes to a medical claim:
ICD-9 and ICD-10 for Section 111 Reporting
If you're working with Section 111 reporting, it's essential to understand the difference between ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes. ICD-9 codes were used until October 1, 2015, but ICD-10 codes are now the standard.
You can download the valid and excluded ICD diagnosis code lists in Excel (.xlsx) format from the links provided. The valid lists include the No-Fault Plan Type D exclusion indicators.
To access these lists, click on the links below:
- Valid ICD-10 List (XLSX)
- Excluded ICD-10 List (XLSX)
- Valid ICD-9 List (XLSX)
- Excluded ICD-9 List (XLSX)
Using Medical Modifiers
Medical codes are the way doctors and other healthcare professionals describe medical diagnoses and treatments. These codes are important for understanding how medical billing works and can affect what you pay and what is covered under your health insurance.
To make medical codes more specific, you can use modifiers with them. Modifiers are essential for accurate medical billing.
Any code with a modifier must be added into the medical code list as a new code. This is crucial for maintaining accurate records and ensuring proper reimbursement.
Using modifiers with medical codes can be a bit tricky, but it's essential for getting it right.
How to Use Medical Information
If you receive an explanation of benefits (EOB) from your health plan, you can use the codes listed to understand your medical bills and avoid potential problems.

You can use the procedure code to see how the price varies for the same service from different providers.
The Texas Healthcare Costs website allows you to compare prices for a procedure by using the codes.
If your health plan won't pay or wants you to pay more for a service than you thought, talk to your provider and health plan to make sure your procedure was coded correctly.
Review the codes listed in your EOB to make sure they're right, to ensure your provider is charging you for services you actually got.
Common mistakes that can lead to wrong codes include the provider not giving enough info to your health plan, outdated code sets, and procedures being coded separately when they should be bundled together under one code.
Claims and Reporting
A diagnostic code is a crucial part of an insurance claim, as it helps the insurance company understand the nature of the medical issue.

The code is usually a 5-digit number, but it can be longer in some cases. For example, the code for a broken femur is 821.9.
The code is often used to determine the severity of the injury or illness, which can affect the insurance claim's outcome.
The ICD-10-CM manual lists codes for various medical conditions, including fractures, sprains, and strains. For instance, a code for a sprained ankle is S83.40.
You should report all diagnostic codes to the insurance company, as failing to do so can lead to claim denial.
Reducing Errors and Risks
Accurate diagnosis coding is crucial to prevent denials, and one way to do this is by ensuring that the diagnosis documented in the medical record aligns with the services provided by the specific provider type.
To prevent code 12, healthcare providers should conduct regular training and education for their staff to ensure they are aware of the specific requirements and guidelines related to their provider type.

A key step in reducing errors and risks is to implement coding audits and reviews to identify any inconsistencies or errors in the coding process.
Here are some key strategies to mitigate code 12:
- Ensure accurate and thorough documentation
- Conduct regular training and education
- Implement coding audits and reviews
- Enhance communication and collaboration
- Stay updated with coding guidelines
- Utilize technology and coding tools
By following these strategies, healthcare providers can improve the accuracy of their coding practices, reduce the risk of errors, and prevent denials.
What You Need to Know to Reduce Errors
To reduce errors, it's essential to understand the difference between diagnosis codes and diagnosis "pointers" on a CMS-1500 claim form. A diagnosis code reflects the medical diagnosis made by the provider and must support the medical necessity of the service performed.
The number of diagnosis pointers per CPT code is limited to four, and the provider must select the most important or serious conditions related to each procedure code. This means that if a provider has more than four diagnosis codes for one CPT, they must choose only four to relate to each code.

Diagnosis codes are recorded in box 21 A-L on the claim form, and up to twelve codes can be listed on a single claim. The diagnosis pointers, on the other hand, are located in box 24E on the paper claim form for each CPT code billed.
The line identifiers from box 21 (A-L) should be related to the lines of service in 24E by the letter of the line, ensuring accurate connection between the diagnosis codes and procedure codes.
Ways to Mitigate Service 12 Risks
To mitigate Service 12 risks, healthcare providers should ensure accurate and thorough documentation, which is crucial to prevent this code from occurring. This involves having clear and consistent documentation that supports the medical necessity of the services rendered.
Conducting regular training and education is essential for healthcare providers to ensure their staff understands the specific requirements and guidelines related to their provider type. This will help them understand the importance of accurate diagnosis coding and how it impacts the revenue cycle.

Implementing coding audits and reviews can help identify any inconsistencies or errors in the coding process. By conducting these audits, providers can identify areas of improvement and take corrective actions to prevent Service 12 from occurring.
Effective communication and collaboration between the coding and clinical teams is vital to ensure that the diagnosis codes accurately reflect the services provided and are consistent with the provider type.
Healthcare providers should stay updated with the latest coding guidelines and regulations specific to their provider type. This includes regularly reviewing updates from relevant coding organizations and government agencies to ensure compliance and accuracy in coding practices.
Here are the key strategies to mitigate Service 12 risks:
- Ensure accurate and thorough documentation
- Conduct regular training and education
- Implement coding audits and reviews
- Enhance communication and collaboration
- Stay updated with coding guidelines
- Utilize technology and coding tools
Addressing 12
A diagnosis code must support the medical necessity of the service performed, and a failure to provide an appropriate code can be the source of a denial if the code used doesn’t support the medical necessity of the service performed.

The common causes of code 12 include incorrect provider type, lack of documentation, coding errors, billing discrepancies, insurance policy limitations, lack of medical necessity, and incomplete or inaccurate patient information.
Code 12 can be caused by a coding error, which can result from human error or a lack of understanding of the coding guidelines and regulations.
To address code 12, you should review the diagnosis provided by the healthcare provider and compare it with the type of services they offer.
If the diagnosis is indeed inconsistent with the provider type, reach out to the healthcare provider for clarification and request additional documentation or information that supports the diagnosis and justifies the services provided.
You can also analyze the 835 Healthcare Policy Identification Segment (loop 2110 Service Payment Information REF), if available, to understand the specific requirements or criteria that need to be met for the claim to be accepted.
Here are the steps to address code 12:
- Review the diagnosis provided by the healthcare provider and compare it with the type of services they offer.
- Reach out to the healthcare provider for clarification and request additional documentation or information.
- Analyze the 835 Healthcare Policy Identification Segment (loop 2110 Service Payment Information REF), if available.
- Consult internal resources such as coding guidelines, payer policies, or industry best practices.
- Prepare a well-structured and detailed appeal letter and submit it along with supporting documentation.
- Monitor the status of the appeal and track any communication or updates received from the payer.
- Escalate the appeal to higher levels within the payer's organization or seek assistance from a third-party revenue cycle management expert if necessary.
By following these steps, you can effectively address code 12 denials and increase the chances of successfully overturning the denial and receiving appropriate reimbursement for the services provided.
Addressing Specific Issues

If you're dealing with a code 12 denial, it's essential to review the diagnosis provided by the healthcare provider and compare it with the type of services they offer.
Make sure the diagnosis aligns with the provider's specialty or expertise, as this can help you identify potential issues. If the diagnosis is inconsistent with the provider type, reach out to the healthcare provider for clarification.
You can also analyze the 835 Healthcare Policy Identification Segment (loop 2110 Service Payment Information REF), if available, to understand specific requirements or criteria that need to be met for the claim to be accepted.
Here are the steps to follow when reviewing the 835 Healthcare Policy Identification Segment:
- Review the segment for specific guidelines or policies related to the code 12 denial.
- Use this information to determine if there are any specific rules or regulations that need to be followed to address the code 12 denial.
If the healthcare policy identification segment is not present or does not provide sufficient guidance, consult internal resources such as coding guidelines, payer policies, or industry best practices. These resources can help you determine if there are any specific rules or regulations that need to be followed to address the code 12 denial.
By following these steps, you can effectively address code 12 denials and increase the chances of successfully overturning the denial and receiving appropriate reimbursement for the services provided.
Specific Code Information

If you're dealing with medical billing, it's essential to understand diagnostic codes on an insurance claim. Medical codes, such as ICD-10 codes, are used to describe medical diagnoses and treatments.
These codes are crucial for understanding how medical billing works and can affect what you pay and what is covered under your health insurance. Medical codes are standardized codes that help healthcare professionals communicate with each other and with insurance companies.
To enter ICD-10 codes, you can select Lists > Transaction Codes, then select the Diagnostic codes filter, and choose ICD-10. From there, you can select OK, Add, or Edit to view or edit the codes.
You can also enter ICD-10 codes manually by selecting Diagnostic codes and clicking Add from the Transaction Codes List. Then, use the Insurance code field to enter the new code. ICD-10 codes are used to report medical diagnoses and inpatient procedures, and they replaced the existing ICD-9 code set in version 7.9.1.
If you need to use ICD-9 codes, you can still do so for procedures performed before October 1, 2015, for existing claims, and for types of claims that don't require ICD-10 codes.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does the order of diagnosis codes matter?
Yes, the order of diagnosis codes matters, as certain conditions require the underlying etiology to be sequenced first, followed by manifestations. This coding convention is outlined in the ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines.
Sources
- https://help.carestreamdental.com/rh/web/server/PracticeWorks/projects_responsive/OH_DE210/MedCode.htm
- https://www.cms.gov/medicare/coordination-benefits-recovery/overview/icd-code-lists
- https://www.modmed.com/resources/blog/diagnoses-on-a-cms-1500-claim-form-vs-diagnosis-pointers
- https://www.opic.texas.gov/news/medical-codes/
- https://www.mdclarity.com/denial-code/12
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