
In NSW, debt collectors must adhere to strict regulations to ensure effective and ethical debt recovery. These regulations are outlined in the Fair Trading Act 1987.
NSW consumers are protected by laws that require debt collectors to provide clear and concise information about debts. This includes the amount owed, the due date, and any other relevant details.
Debt collectors in NSW are also subject to the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) guidelines, which emphasize the importance of transparency and fairness in debt collection practices.
Debt collectors who fail to comply with these regulations can face serious consequences, including fines and penalties.
NSW Debt Collection Laws and Regulations
In NSW, debt collectors may take you to court if they're not satisfied with your response to their demand for payment.
The federal court system in NSW consists of the Federal Circuit Court and Family Court of Australia, the Federal Court, and the High Court, which deal with matters under federal laws.
These courts usually handle debt matters involving federal agencies like Centrelink or the Australian Taxation Office.
Federal courts also deal with bankruptcy applications made by creditors after they've obtained a judgment debt against you in the Local Court.
NSW Government Agency Broke Law with Automated Withdrawals
The NSW government's debt collection agency, Revenue NSW, made headlines for breaking the law with its automated bank withdrawal system. The agency used machine learning technology to generate garnishee orders, which allowed it to take money directly out of people's bank accounts without going to court.
This practice was in place from 2016 to 2019, and even after some changes, it was still considered "wrong" until March 2022. The ombudsman's report found that Revenue NSW engaged in "maladministration" by using this system.
The agency's use of automated withdrawals affected millions of people, and many were left unable to buy food due to the draining of their bank accounts. Revenue NSW has since obtained advice from the solicitor general confirming that its current system is lawful.
However, the ombudsman's report highlights the importance of transparency and fairness in debt collection practices. Revenue NSW should provide better information to people who owe debts, including publishing on its website how they may be challenged.
The agency has a "protected amounts" policy, which means it must leave a minimum of $587.50 in someone's bank account after garnishee action. This policy was introduced in March 2019, but it's essential to ensure that this minimum amount is sufficient for people's basic needs.
Revenue NSW should also include instructions in its garnishee orders reminding banks not to recover any Centrelink "saved amounts." This will help prevent further financial hardship for those who are already struggling.
Here are the key dates related to the ombudsman's report:
- 2016: Revenue NSW introduces its automated bank withdrawal system.
- 2019: The agency makes changes to its system, but it's still considered "wrong" until March 2022.
- 2021: An earlier report finds Revenue NSW had unlawfully used the system to recover fines from financially vulnerable people.
- 2022: The ombudsman releases its report, finding Revenue NSW engaged in "maladministration" and recommending changes to its debt collection practices.
3.5 Legal System
In NSW, the federal court system handles matters under federal laws, but it's worth noting that federal courts usually only deal with debt matters involving federal agencies.
The federal court system consists of the Federal Circuit Court and Family Court of Australia, the Federal Court, and the High Court.
These courts deal specifically with federal laws, and one of the areas they cover is bankruptcy applications made by creditors after they've obtained a judgment debt against you in the Local Court.
Federal courts also handle debt matters where the creditor is a federal agency, such as Centrelink or the Australian Taxation Office.
Bankruptcy applications made by creditors are a serious matter, and it's essential to understand the process and potential outcomes.
Debt Collection Services
Professional Recovery Services (PRS) is a leading debt collection agency in NSW, with offices in Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane. They offer effective and ethical debt recovery solutions for businesses across Australia.
PRS provides a wide range of debt collection services, including commercial debt collection, consumer debt collection, and government and utility debt recovery. They also specialise in international debt recovery and offer legal services and dispute resolution.
PRS's comprehensive approach to debt collection ensures that they explore every avenue to recover outstanding debts efficiently and effectively. They combine traditional methods with cutting-edge technology to maximise recovery rates while minimising costs for their clients.
Here are the debt collection services offered by PRS:
- Commercial debt collection
- Consumer debt collection
- Government and utility debt recovery
- International debt recovery
- Legal services and dispute resolution
Professional Recovery Services
Professional Recovery Services is a leading debt collection agency in Sydney, providing effective and ethical debt recovery solutions for businesses across New South Wales. They have offices strategically located in Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane, making them well-positioned to serve clients throughout Australia.
Their team of experienced debt collectors in Sydney is dedicated to helping businesses recover outstanding debts while maintaining positive relationships with debtors. They take the time to understand each business's unique requirements and develop customised collection strategies to deliver optimal results.
PRS offers a wide range of debt collection services, including commercial debt collection, consumer debt collection, government and utility debt recovery, international debt recovery, and legal services and dispute resolution. Their comprehensive approach to debt collection ensures that they explore every avenue to recover debts efficiently and effectively.
Their debt collectors in Sydney can maximise recovery rates while minimising costs for clients by combining traditional methods with cutting-edge technology. They also work closely with clients to identify the most effective approach for each case, whether it involves negotiating payment plans, initiating legal action, or utilising their extensive network of industry contacts to locate debtors and assets.
PRS is committed to helping businesses recover outstanding debts while preserving their relationships and reputation. They have a proven track record of success and dedication to ethical practices, making them the ideal partner for all debt collection needs in Sydney and throughout Australia.
Here are some of the services offered by PRS:
- Commercial debt collection
- Consumer debt collection
- Government and utility debt recovery
- International debt recovery
- Legal services and dispute resolution
Harassment
Harassment is a serious issue when it comes to debt collection. Debt collectors cannot use physical force or coercion, and they must respect your boundaries.
Debt collectors are entitled to pursue a debt, but there are limits to the extent of contact they can have with you. For example, they cannot harass or hassle you to an unreasonable extent.
Debt collectors must also avoid misleading or deceiving you, and they cannot take unfair advantage of a vulnerability, disability, or other similar circumstance affecting you.
Some examples of unacceptable behavior by a debt collector include:
- Telephoning you before 7:30 am or after 9 pm (unless agreed)
- Visiting you before 9 am or after 9 pm (unless agreed)
- Unnecessary repeated calls (more than three times per week or 10 times per month)
- Telephoning or visiting you at work when you have asked them not to
- Using or threatening violence to you or your property
- Blocking access to your property or blocking your way
- Shouting at you or verbally abusing you
- Taking property that is not 'secured' by the debt (like household items)
- Garnishing your wages (without a court order)
- Sending you letters that 'look' like court documents
- Breaching your confidentiality (for example, contacting you at work and disclosing the reasons for the call, or contacting you via social media in a way that releases confidential information)
- Telling you that you will go to gaol if you don't pay the debt
- Making false and misleading statements
Effective Debt Collection
Effective debt collection is crucial for businesses in NSW to recover outstanding debts and maintain positive relationships with debtors. At PRS, we understand the importance of ethical and effective debt recovery practices.
Our team of experienced debt collectors in Sydney develops customised collection strategies based on your unique requirements, taking into account your business, industry, and specific debt recovery needs.
We adhere to strict guidelines set forth by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) and the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), ensuring that all of our collection activities are compliant with relevant laws and regulations.
PRS offers transparent reporting and communication, providing regular updates on the status of your cases and access to our secure online portal for real-time reporting and analytics on your debt recovery portfolio.
Our debt collectors in Sydney can help you recover debts of any amount, from as little as $40,000 to over $750,000, depending on the jurisdiction:
- Up to $40,000: NSW Civil and Administrative Tribunal (NCAT)
- Up to $100,000: Local Court
- Up to $750,000: District Court
- Over $750,000: Supreme Court
Customised Collection Strategies for Sydney Businesses
Our team develops customised debt collection strategies based on your unique requirements, taking into account your business, industry, and specific debt recovery needs.
We work closely with you to identify the most effective approach for each case, whether it involves negotiating payment plans, initiating legal action, or utilising our extensive network of industry contacts to locate debtors and assets.
In Sydney, businesses can choose from various debt collection agencies that offer effective and ethical debt recovery solutions. For example, Professional Recovery Services (PRS) provides professional recovery services with offices strategically located in Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane.
To initiate debt recovery, action is begun via the filing of a statement of claim at the court that has jurisdiction, depending on the amount of the debt.
Here's a breakdown of where debt recovery action is begun in NSW:
- Up to $40,000: NSW Civil and Administrative Tribunal (NCAT)
- Up to $100,000: Local Court
- Up to $750,000: District Court
- Over $750,000: Supreme Court
By understanding the debt collection process, businesses can take proactive steps to recover outstanding debts while maintaining positive relationships with their debtors.
Ethical and Effective
PRS prioritizes clear communication and fair treatment throughout the debt collection process, ensuring positive relationships between clients and debtors.
We adhere to strict guidelines set forth by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) and the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), guaranteeing compliance with relevant laws and regulations.
Regular updates on case status are provided by our Sydney office, keeping clients informed of any developments or progress made.
Our secure online portal offers real-time reporting and analytics on debt recovery portfolios, allowing clients to track performance and make informed decisions.
PRS is committed to ethical and effective debt recovery practices, setting us apart from other debt collection agencies in Sydney.
Payment Options
If you owe a debt in full, it's best to pay it in full to prevent further enforcement action and cost. This shows the creditor you're taking responsibility and willing to settle the debt.
You can also offer to pay the debt by instalments, but make sure your proposal covers more than just the interest on the debt. This ensures you'll eventually pay off the debt in full.
If you can't pay the debt in full, you may be able to negotiate a reduced amount with the creditor. This can be a good option if the creditor is willing to cut their losses and get a lesser payment now rather than chasing you for the entire amount.
Payment in Full
If you owe the full amount claimed, it's best to pay it in full to prevent further enforcement action and cost.
Paying in full shows that you're taking responsibility for the debt and can help to resolve the issue quickly.

You should only consider paying in full if you have sufficient money to repay the debt.
If you can't pay in full, it's better to negotiate a payment plan with the creditor rather than risking further action.
Paying the full amount can also help to improve your credit score by showing that you're able to manage your debt.
Instalment Plan
If you're struggling to pay off a debt in full, an instalment plan can be a viable option. You can offer to pay the debt by instalments, but make sure your proposal covers more than just the interest on the debt.
It's crucial to ensure your instalment proposal is reasonable, considering the amount and nature of the debt and your financial circumstances. If the creditor agrees to your proposal, put it in writing to avoid any confusion.
If you don't comply with the instalment agreement, the creditor can still commence court proceedings against you, so it's essential to notify them of any changes to your circumstances as soon as possible.
Dealing with Debt Collectors
If you receive a letter of demand from a debt collector, it's essential to understand your options. You may receive a letter of demand if you haven't paid your debt on time.
A letter of demand is not a court document or order, but rather a reminder of the amount owed, the time frame for payment, and the consequences of non-payment. You can ignore the notice, but be aware that this may lead to further action from the creditor.
If you're unsure about the debt or the letter of demand, don't make any admissions before seeking legal advice. Acknowledging the debt without being sure can restart the six-year limitation period for commencing court action.
Your options for dealing with a letter of demand are:
- Ignoring the notice
- Payment in full
- Negotiating with the creditor
- Refusal to pay
Dealing with Creditors
Dealing with creditors can be a daunting task, but being cooperative and honest about your financial position is key. Be sure to return calls and respond to correspondence within a reasonable time frame.
If you're unsure about the debt, don't make any admissions before seeking legal advice. Ignoring the notice is not a recommended option, as it can lead to further enforcement action and cost.
If you agree you owe the full amount claimed, paying it in full is the best course of action to prevent further action. However, if you can't pay all at once, negotiating with the creditor is a viable option.
Here are some options to consider when dealing with creditors:
- Be cooperative and honest about your financial position.
- Return calls and respond to correspondence within a reasonable time frame.
- Agree to a repayment plan (if you can afford it).
- Tell the debt collector when your contact details change.
Remember, if you're unsure about the debt, it's always best to seek legal advice or consult a financial counsellor before making any decisions.
Refusal to Pay
Refusal to pay can be a viable option if you genuinely believe you don't owe the debt.
If you've already settled the debt, you have no obligation to pay again.
There's also a possibility of mistaken identity or fraud, which could render the debt invalid.
The limitation period for collecting the debt has likely expired if it's been a while since the debt was incurred.
You may also refuse to pay if you signed a contract but were misinformed about its terms.
If you paid for something but didn't receive it or it was faulty, you may not owe the debt.
If you were not at fault in an accident, you shouldn't be held responsible for the debt.
If you're unsure about any of these circumstances, it's essential to get legal advice before making a decision.
Here are some specific scenarios where refusal to pay might be justified:
- Settled debt
- Mistaken identity or fraud
- Expired limitation period
- Misinformation about contract terms
- Non-delivery or faulty goods
- Not at fault in an accident
Before refusing to pay, make sure to ask the debt collector for details about the debt, including what you allegedly owe and why.
What Can They Do
Debt collectors can be intimidating, but there are ways to deal with them effectively. They can't call you before 8am or after 9pm, or contact you at work if you've told them not to.
You can request validation of the debt, which requires the collector to provide proof of the debt and the amount owed. This can help you determine if the debt is legitimate.
Debt collectors can't threaten to sue you or report you to credit bureaus unless they have a legitimate reason to do so. They must also follow the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act.
You can dispute the debt if you believe it's incorrect or not yours. Debt collectors must stop trying to collect the debt while they investigate.
Debt collectors can't continue to contact you if you've sent them a cease and desist letter. They must stop all communication and not contact you again.
Debt Collection Process
The debt collection process can be complex, but understanding the steps creditors take can help you navigate the situation more effectively. Creditors often start by requesting payment, followed by a letter of demand, and if that doesn't work, they may file a statement of claim in court.
If you're unsure about a debt, it's essential to get as much information as possible from the debt collector and check your records before agreeing to pay. Mistakes can happen, and you should be cautious when dealing with an unknown party, such as a debt collector.
If you receive a letter of demand, you have several options: ignoring the notice, paying in full, negotiating with the creditor, or refusing to pay. It's crucial to respond thoughtfully and seek legal advice if you're unsure about the debt.
Here's a breakdown of the courts that handle debt recovery in NSW, depending on the amount of the debt:
Keep in mind that ignoring the notice or refusing to pay may lead to further action, so it's essential to respond thoughtfully and seek professional advice if needed.
Letters of Demand
If you haven't paid your debt on time, you may receive a letter of demand. This letter is not a court document or order, but rather a reminder of the amount owed, the time frame for payment, and the consequences of non-payment.
A letter of demand is a warning that the creditor will take further action if you don't pay up. The letter will specify the amount owed and the deadline for payment.
You have four options when you receive a letter of demand:
- Ignoring the notice
- Payment in full
- Negotiating with the creditor
- Refusal to pay
Before responding to a letter of demand, it's essential to seek legal advice if you're unsure about the debt. Acknowledging the debt without being sure can restart the six-year limitation period for commencing court action.
Negotiating with Creditors
Negotiating with creditors can be a daunting task, but it's a crucial step in managing your debt. If you agree that you owe money to the creditor, but can't pay all at once, consider your options carefully.
You can negotiate with the creditor to come up with a repayment plan that suits your financial situation. This can be a good option if you're struggling to make payments, but be sure to document any agreements reached with the creditor.
Don't accept a verbal agreement, as it's not binding. Make sure to get any agreements in writing, and consider seeking legal advice if you're unsure about the terms.
If you're not able to come to an agreement, you can also consider refusing to pay. However, be aware that this may lead to further action from the creditor.
Here are your options when dealing with a creditor:
- Payment in full
- Negotiating with the creditor
- Refusal to pay
Remember, being cooperative and honest about your financial position can help you navigate the debt collection process more effectively.
Matter Settled
If you believe you've already paid or settled the debt, contact the debt collector and explain the situation to them.
Providing documentary evidence confirming payment or settlement is a good idea.
Ideally, your correspondence should be in writing and dated.
Recovery Through NCAT
You can recover debt through NCAT, but you must make an application within 3 years of when the debt dispute arose.
NCAT can make orders that require the debtor to pay money, return goods, or provide services.
A creditor can enforce an NCAT order in the Local Court, which can issue a warrant to seize and sell property, redirect a debt, or order the debtor to pay by instalments.
NCAT can also make orders that the goods be repaired or replaced, or that the goods be returned and a refund be issued.
Here are the types of orders NCAT can make:
- Money be paid;
- Money owned does not have to be paid;
- Goods and services be provided;
- Faulty goods be repaired or replaced;
- The goods be returned and a refund be issued.
Case Studies and Examples
In New South Wales, debt collectors are regulated by the Fair Trading Act 1987, which requires them to be licensed and follow specific guidelines.
Debt collectors in NSW must provide debtors with a written notice stating the amount of the debt and the date by which it needs to be paid.
The NSW Government's website states that debt collectors are not allowed to harass or intimidate debtors, and must treat them fairly and with respect.
Debt collectors in NSW must also provide debtors with a statement of account that shows the debt amount, interest charges, and any fees incurred.
In NSW, debt collectors are prohibited from making false or misleading representations to debtors, and must ensure that all information provided is accurate and up-to-date.
Debtors in NSW have the right to request a formal written notice from the debt collector, which must include the name and address of the creditor, the amount of the debt, and the date by which it needs to be paid.
If a debt collector in NSW is found to be in breach of the Fair Trading Act 1987, they may be subject to fines and penalties, which can range from $1,100 to $11,000.
Debtors in NSW who are experiencing financial difficulties may be able to negotiate a payment plan with the creditor, which can help to reduce the debt and make it more manageable.
Debt Collection in NSW
In NSW, debt collection is governed by the Fair Trading Act 1987, which sets out the rules for debt collectors to follow.
Debt collectors in NSW must be licensed by the NSW Government, and they must display their license number on their website and any marketing materials.
If you're being pursued by a debt collector in NSW, you have the right to ask for proof of their license and to dispute the debt if you believe it's incorrect.
Collection
Debt collection can be a stressful and overwhelming experience, but understanding the process can help you navigate it more effectively.
Creditors often follow a standard procedure to collect unpaid debt, which includes sending a request for payment, a letter of demand, and filing a statement of claim in court.
If you acknowledge a debt and can pay, payment will resolve the issue quickly. If you don't acknowledge the debt or are unable to pay right away, there are still options available to you.
Here are the typical steps creditors take to collect unpaid debt:
- Request for payment
- Letter of demand
- Statement of claim filed in court
- Application for default judgment (no defence filed) or court hearing (defence filed)
- Judgment debt confirmed by court
- Enforcement of judgment debt via court enforcement mechanisms (including examination summons, garnishee order, writ of execution, bankruptcy)
If you're unsure about a debt, it's essential to get as much information as you can from the debt collector and check your records before agreeing to pay anything.
Debt collectors can work for a creditor, as agents, or may have 'purchased' your debt from the creditor (this is called assignment). Mistakes happen, so it's crucial to verify that you owe the money.
Mistaken Identity or Fraud
If you think someone has been using your details to run up debt in your name, contact the service provider immediately. This is crucial in preventing further damage to your credit score.
Showing proof of your identity might be enough to resolve the situation. In some cases, this can be a simple matter of verifying your identity with the service provider.
You might also consider reporting it to the police, in the case of identity fraud. This can help to prevent further occurrences and bring the perpetrator to justice.
Old
If debt collectors contact you about a debt that's more than six years old, don't make a payment or acknowledge the debt. Instead, seek immediate legal advice about your options for defending the claim.
Debt collectors have six years to recover debts, unless there are exceptions like debts to Centrelink or child support. If you've made a payment or acknowledged a debt within this timeframe, you're still on the hook for it.
If the debt collector continues to harass you, consider making a formal complaint. You can find a sample letter to a debt collector in Chapter 17.
Disputing
If you think you have a good reason for not paying a debt, you can take steps to dispute it. You can contact the creditor and explain why you dispute the debt.
If you're unsure about how to proceed, consider using an external dispute resolution scheme (if applicable). This can help mediate a resolution between you and the creditor.
You can also get free legal advice to help you navigate the process.
Sources
- https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2024/apr/30/nsw-governments-debt-collection-agency-broke-law-using-automated-bank-withdrawals
- https://prorecoveryservices.com.au/debt-collectors-sydney/
- https://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/find-legal-answers/books-online/dealing-debt-legal-guide-personal-debt-nsw/debt-collection
- https://www.accc.gov.au/business/business-operations-and-costs/debt-help
- https://www.armstronglegal.com.au/commercial-law/nsw/consumer-law/debt-recovery/
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