
Colorado has a bad faith insurance statute that protects policyholders from unfair practices by insurance companies.
In Colorado, bad faith insurance claims can be pursued under C.R.S. § 10-3-1115. This statute requires insurance companies to act in good faith when handling claims.
Insurance companies that fail to act in good faith may be liable for damages, including consequential damages, which can include additional expenses incurred by the policyholder.
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Colorado Insurance Laws
Colorado's bad faith insurance laws are designed to protect policyholders from unfair treatment by their insurers.
CRS 10-3-1115 (1)(a) states that insurance companies cannot unreasonably deny or delay payment of a claim.
An insurer's delay or denial is considered unreasonable if they acted without a reasonable basis for that action.
In Colorado, bad faith occurs when an insurer unjustifiably denies or postpones the settlement of a legitimate claim.
To prove bad faith, a claimant must show that the insurer acted unreasonably under the circumstances, or knowingly or recklessly disregarded the validity of the claim.
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The Colorado court case Goodson v. American Standard Insurance Co. explains the common law basis of a bad faith insurance claim.
The statutory basis for a bad faith claim in Colorado is Colorado law 10-3-1115, which prohibits insurers from delaying or denying payment for benefits without a reasonable basis.
An insurer's unreasonable denial of benefits can be a violation of Colorado law.
In Colorado law, there are two legal grounds for a bad faith insurance claim: a common-law basis and a statutory basis.
A common-law claim requires the insurer to have acted unreasonably or with a reckless disregard for the truth.
Insurance carriers may misrepresent policy language to avoid paying claims, which can be a significant indicator of bad faith.
Types of Actions
There are two main types of actions that can be taken against an insurance company in Colorado for bad faith claims.
The common-law basis for a bad faith claim requires the insurance company to have acted unreasonably or with a reckless disregard for the truth.
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This basis was established in the Colorado court case Goodson v. American Standard Insurance Co., 89 P.3d 409, 414 (Colo. 2014).
The common-law action demands an intentional or reckless disregard for the rights of the insured.
Colorado statutory law, on the other hand, requires only an unreasonable denial of benefits.
This is stated in Colorado law 10-3-1115, which prohibits insurers from delaying or denying payment for benefits with an unreasonable basis.
An experienced attorney can help determine which type of action is most suitable for your case and guide you through the process.
Policyholder Rights and Remedies
If you've experienced a denied or delayed claim, you may be entitled to pursue legal recourse under Colorado law. Colorado law provides remedies for policyholders who suffer from bad faith insurance conduct.
You can pursue punitive damages for emotional distress, which can be a significant financial recovery.
Legal fees and court expenses can also be recovered as per C.R.S. § 10-3-1116. This can help offset the costs of taking on the insurance company in court.
You may also be able to make contract breach claims for insured benefits. This means you can seek compensation for the benefits you were supposed to receive under your policy.
It's crucial to record your interactions with the insurance company and maintain all written documents. This can be a powerful tool in building your case against the insurance company.
You may also submit a regulatory complaint to the Colorado Division of Insurance. This can help ensure that the insurance company is held accountable for their actions.
If you suspect that the insurance company is misrepresenting coverage limits or excluding certain damages without a valid reason, you may be able to challenge this through legal proceedings.
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Insurance Claim Eligibility and Policyholder Demands
Insurance companies often make unreasonable demands on policyholders to substantiate a valid claim, which can lead to unnecessary delays and stress.
These demands can include excessive or repetitive documentation, which is a clear indicator of bad faith behavior. This can be avoided by understanding your insurance policy and knowing what to expect from the claims process.
Policyholders have the right to receive a fair and timely response to their claims. However, some insurance companies may deny or delay claims, which is a form of bad faith insurance conduct.
If you're experiencing a denied or delayed claim, you may be entitled to punitive damages for emotional distress, legal fees, and court expenses as per C.R.S. § 10-3-1116. It's essential to record your interactions with the insurance company and maintain all written documents.
To minimize the chances of unethical practices, it's crucial to document all claims and act promptly when reporting damage and filing claims. This can help shield you from unjust delays or denials.
Here are some key remedies for policyholders who suffer from bad faith insurance conduct:
- Punitive damages for emotional distress
- Legal fees and court expenses as per C.R.S. § 10-3-1116
- Contract breach claims for insured benefits
- Regulatory complaint to the Colorado Division of Insurance
Colorado Statutes and Insurance Contract Breach
Colorado law is clear that an insurance company cannot unreasonably deny or delay payment of a claim of benefits to first-party claimants.
CRS 10-3-1115 (1)(a) defines "unreasonable" as an insurer's delay or denial without a reasonable basis for that action. This means that if an insurance company denies or delays payment without a valid reason, they may be acting in bad faith.
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To prove bad faith, a first-party claimant must show that the insurer acted unreasonably and either knowingly or recklessly disregarded the validity of the insured's claim, as seen in the case of Goodson v. American Standard Insurance Co. of Wisconsin.
To recover damages for an unreasonable claim delay or denial, you must prove two things: the insurance company delayed or denied your benefits, and the insurance company's delayed or denied payment was unreasonable.
Here are the specific elements you need to prove to recover damages:
- The insurance company delayed or denied your benefits; and
- The insurance company’s delayed or denied payment was unreasonable.
Elements of Liability—First-Party Common-Law
To recover damages for your losses due to bad faith, you'll need to prove four key elements. The first element is that you sustained damages, which can include financial losses, emotional distress, or other harm resulting from the insurance company's actions.
The second element is that the insurance company acted unreasonably. This can include denying or delaying payment without a valid reason, or failing to investigate a claim in good faith.
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The third element is that the insurance company was aware they were being unreasonable or recklessly disregarded the fact that their conduct was unreasonable. This means that the company knew or should have known that their actions were unfair or unjust.
The fourth and final element is that you sustained losses as a result of the insurance company's unreasonable conduct. This can include financial losses, emotional distress, or other harm that you experienced as a direct result of the company's actions.
Here are the four elements of liability in a nutshell:
- You sustained damages;
- The insurance company acted unreasonably;
- The insurance company was aware they were being unreasonable or recklessly disregarded the fact that their conduct was unreasonable;
- You sustained losses as a result of the insurance company’s unreasonable conduct.
Statutory and Common-Law
In Colorado, you can pursue a bad faith insurance claim on two grounds: statutory and common-law. The statutory basis is rooted in C.R.S. § 10-3-1115/1116, which allows policyholders to seek additional compensation beyond the initial benefits.
To establish a statutory claim, you must show that the insurance company delayed or denied your benefits without a reasonable basis. This is in line with Colorado law, which states that an insurer may not delay or deny payment for benefits without a reasonable basis.
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The statute of limitations for statutory claims is two years from the date you knew or should have learned of the insurance company's unreasonable denial or delay of the claim. This is a significant change in the law, as previously the statute of limitations was unclear.
Here are the key elements you need to prove for a statutory claim:
- The insurance company delayed or denied your benefits;
- The insurance company's delayed or denied payment was unreasonable;
- The statute of limitations is two years from the date you knew or should have learned of the insurance company's unreasonable denial or delay of the claim.
In addition to statutory claims, you can also pursue a common-law bad faith claim. This type of claim is rooted in Colorado case law and provides remedies for emotional distress and economic losses caused by insurer misconduct.
Speaking to an Attorney
If you think the insurance company is handling your claim unfairly, it's time to speak to an attorney. You can contact attorney D.J. Banovitz in the Denver area for a free consultation by calling (303) 300-5060.
A bad faith insurance lawyer can assist you with every step of addressing and responding to insurance company bad faith. They can investigate to determine if bad faith occurred, help you understand the law and how it applies to your case, and issue a demand letter to the insurance company.
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Your bad faith insurance lawyer will take carefully-crafted, appropriate action for you to receive the best possible result. They understand the law and the steps necessary to obtain justice, and they put their training and experience to work for you.
Here's what a bad faith insurance lawyer can do for you:
- Investigate to determine if bad faith occurred
- Help you understand the law and how it applies to your case
- Issue a demand letter to the insurance company
- Negotiate directly for fast resolution of your case
- Prepare legal documents to file in court
- Bring legal motions, prepare evidence and develop a legal strategy
- Mediation and case resolution actions
- Representation in court at all hearings and trial
- Presentation of the case at trial
- Collection of judgment
Return
In Colorado, if an insurance company is found to have acted in bad faith, the consequences can be severe. The insurance bad faith statute provides significant remedies to an insured who is successful in showing that an insurance company unreasonably denied or delayed a claim.
Damages can include attorney fees, court costs, and twice the covered benefit of the claim. This can add up quickly, making it essential to take action if you suspect bad faith on the part of your insurance company.
To pursue a claim under the bad faith statute, you must act quickly. The general statute of limitations is two years from the date you knew or should have learned of the insurance company's unreasonable denial or delay.
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However, insurance companies often try to argue that the one-year statute of limitations for penalties applies. This would cut the time you have to investigate and file a claim in half.
Some common bad faith practices include denying coverage without a complete investigation, unreasonable delays in processing claims, and low settlement offers that don't reflect the damages.
Frequently Asked Questions
Under what circumstances would a claim of bad faith be justified?
A claim of bad faith may be justified if an insurance company intentionally undervalues or denies your claim, or engages in behavior meant to limit their payout. This can include deliberate actions to delay, mislead, or misrepresent the facts of your claim.
Sources
- https://coloradoinjuryfirm.com/what-are-the-colorado-bad-faith-insurance-laws/
- https://www.gaddisherd.com/blog/2021/july/colorado-insurance-bad-faith-statute/
- https://www.griffithslawpc.com/blog-articles/insureds-more-time-file-bad-faith-lawsuits/
- https://www.coia.legal/post/what-are-the-colorado-bad-faith-statute-insurance-laws
- https://www.coloradolaw.net/practice-area/bad-faith-insurance/
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