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Cliff Asness, a renowned expert in risk and investment strategies, has a deep connection with the University of Pennsylvania, where he received his undergraduate degree in economics.
Asness graduated summa cum laude from UPenn in 1984.
His academic background in economics laid the foundation for his future career in finance, where he would go on to make a significant impact.
Araon, a hedge fund founded by Asness, has been a key player in the investment industry for over two decades, with a focus on risk management and value investing strategies.
Career and Work
Cliff Asness co-founded AQR Capital Management in 1998 with David Kabiller, John Liew, and Robert Krail.
He was already making a significant impact, with a $37 million compensation in 2002 and a $50 million compensation in 2003. AQR moved its headquarters from New York to Greenwich, Connecticut in 2004.
The firm reported losses during the 2007-2008 financial crisis but bounced back by the end of 2010 with $33 billion in assets under management. AQR was described as a "quantitative investment firm" that used "algorithms and computerized models to trade stocks, bonds, currencies and commodities" in 2010.
By 2016, Connecticut's State Bond Commission extended $35 million in financial aid to AQR, as part of a broader move to persuade companies to remain in Connecticut. AQR's $28 million loan would be forgiven if the firm kept 540 jobs within Connecticut and created 600 new jobs by 2016.
Asness had shifted his focus by 2017, aggressively promoting lower-fee, more liquid and transparent products, such as mutual funds that use computer models to replicate hedge fund returns. AQR had become an investment firm by 2019, running one of the world's largest hedge funds.
Publications and Research
Cliff Asness has a long history of publishing research in top academic journals. He co-authored a 2001 article in the Journal of Portfolio Management that found some hedge fund managers are skilled in picking stocks, but not all use effective methods.
Asness has also written extensively on the topic of value and momentum investing. In a 2013 article published in The Journal of Finance, he found consistent value and momentum return premia across eight diverse markets and asset classes.
Asness has been featured in several publications, including a profile in The New York Times in 2005, where he was described as trying to understand the relationship between risk and reward. He was also included in Scott Patterson's 2010 book, The Quants, which highlighted his intellectual chops and reputation as one of the smartest investors in the world.
Here are some notable publications by Cliff Asness:
- Journal of Portfolio Management (2001): "Do hedge funds hedge? Be cautious in analyzing monthly returns" (co-authored with Robert Krail and John Liew)
- Financial Analysts Journal (2003): "Surprise! Higher dividends = higher earnings growth" (co-authored with Robert Arnott)
- Journal of Portfolio Management (2003): "Fight the Fed Model"
- The Journal of Finance (2013): "Value and Momentum Everywhere: Value and Momentum Everywhere" (co-authored with Tobias Moskowitz and Lasse Pedersen)
Academic Journals
Cliff Asness has made significant contributions to the field of finance through his academic publications. He co-authored an article in 2001 with Robert Krail and John Liew, titled "Do hedge funds hedge? Be cautious in analyzing monthly returns", which was published in the Journal of Portfolio Management.
Asness has also written several articles on his own, including "Fight the Fed Model" in 2003, where he argued that it's a mistake to compare the stock market's P/E ratio to interest rates. His work has been featured in various academic journals, showcasing his expertise in finance.
In a 2013 article co-authored with Tobias Moskowitz and Lasse Pedersen, Asness found consistent value and momentum return premia across eight diverse markets and asset classes. This research has had a significant impact on the field of finance.
Here are some of Asness' notable academic publications:
- "Do hedge funds hedge? Be cautious in analyzing monthly returns" (2001) - Journal of Portfolio Management
- "Surprise! Higher dividends = higher earnings growth" (2003) - Financial Analysts Journal
- "Fight the Fed Model" (2003) - Journal of Portfolio Management
- "Value and Momentum Everywhere" (2013) - The Journal of Finance
Uncorrelated Assets in Optimal Portfolios
Holding uncorrelated assets can be a key component of an optimal portfolio.
Dimensional Fund Advisors has written critically about "liquid alts" and their potential drawbacks.
Uncorrelated assets can help reduce overall portfolio risk by not being directly tied to market fluctuations.
This concept is particularly relevant when considering equity "factors" held in a long-short manner.
By incorporating uncorrelated assets, investors can potentially increase their returns and reduce volatility.
The rationale behind holding uncorrelated assets is to create a more diversified and resilient portfolio.
This approach can be beneficial in times of market stress or downturns.
Less-Efficient Market Hypothesis
The Less-Efficient Market Hypothesis suggests that over the past 30+ years, markets have become less informationally efficient in the relative pricing of common stocks, particularly over medium horizons.
Markets have become less efficient in the relative pricing of common stocks, particularly over medium horizons.
This means that investors can't rely on the idea that prices reflect all available information, as they once thought.
Commentary and Media
Cliff Asness is a frequent commentator on financial issues, often speaking out against high hedge fund fees and criticizing hedge funds with high correlations to equity markets. He has also been critical of short-selling restrictions.
Asness has written commentary on various topics, including taxation of investment managers and healthcare reform. He has also expressed his views on the Dodd-Frank financial reform bill, warning of regulatory capture and crony capitalism.
In addition to his written commentary, Asness has appeared on television programs such as CNBC and has been featured in publications like The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal.
Economic and Political Commentary
Asness frequently comments on financial issues in print and on TV programs, often speaking out against high hedge fund fees.
He's been critical of hedge funds with high correlations to equity markets, which deliver stock index fund performance at prices that could only be justified by extraordinary market insight.
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In 2008, he complained about short-selling restrictions in The New York Times, and in 2010, he wrote an op-ed in The Wall Street Journal with Aaron Brown, claiming the Dodd-Frank financial reform bill would lead to regulatory capture and crony capitalism.
Asness has also discussed taxation of investment managers and healthcare reform in his Bloomberg columns.
He's a vocal critic of unsustainable stock prices, having written about the "nonsensical" stock market tech bubble of 1999-2000 in an unpublished paper called "Bubble Logic."
In 2012, Asness was included in the 50 Most Influential list of Bloomberg Markets magazine.
He's also known for his outspoken views on politics, particularly his criticism of the Obama administration's treatment of Chrysler senior bondholders.
In Praise of Alternatives
Cliff Asness frequently comments on financial issues in print and on TV, often speaking out against high hedge fund fees. He has criticized hedge funds with high correlations to equity markets, delivering stock index fund performance at prices that could only be justified by extraordinary market insight.
Asness has also been critical of regulatory capture and crony capitalism, warning that the Dodd-Frank financial reform bill would lead to a massive "financial-regulatory complex". In fact, he wrote an op-ed with Aaron Brown in 2010 making this claim.
In his commentary, Asness often takes a libertarian and efficient markets viewpoint. He has discussed taxation of investment managers and healthcare reform in his Bloomberg columns. His posts on financial issues are generally well-received and thought-provoking.
Asness has also been an outspoken critic of U.S. president Barack Obama, particularly in regards to the Obama administration's treatment of Chrysler senior bondholders. He even authored two tracts protesting this treatment.
In 2023, Asness declared he would no longer donate to his alma mater University of Pennsylvania due to their hosting the Palestine Writes festival and what he called a "drift away from true freedom of thought, expression and speech".
Academic and Professional Recognition
Cliff Asness has made significant contributions to the field of finance through his academic publications. In a 2001 article, he and his co-authors described how some hedge fund managers use ineffective methods to pick stocks.
Their research in the Financial Analysts Journal in 2003 challenged prevailing theory by finding that companies with higher dividend payments actually had higher growth in earnings. Low payout ratios were found to precede low earnings growth.
In a 2003 article, Asness argued that it was a mistake to compare the stock market's P/E ratio to interest rates, known as the Fed model. This idea has had a lasting impact on the way investors approach stock market analysis.
Asness's work has also explored the concept of value and momentum return premia. In a 2013 article, he and his co-authors found consistent value and momentum return premia across eight diverse markets and asset classes.
Their research has been influential in shaping the investment strategies of firms like AQR, which Asness co-founded. Unfortunately, the 2007-2008 financial crisis highlighted the risks of these strategies, with AQR's assets declining from $39 billion in 2007 to $17 billion by the end of 2008.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is the chief investment officer of AQR Capital Management?
Cliff is the Chief Investment Officer at AQR Capital Management. He also serves as a Founder and Managing Principal of the company.
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