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Bitcoins in China have a fascinating history that spans over a decade. In 2011, China's first Bitcoin exchange, BTC China, was launched, marking the beginning of the country's involvement with the digital currency.
The exchange quickly gained popularity, with over 1 million users registering within the first year. This rapid growth was largely due to the government's relatively relaxed stance on Bitcoin at the time.
As a result, China became one of the largest Bitcoin markets in the world. By 2013, the country's Bitcoin trading volume was exceeding that of the United States and Japan combined.
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History of Bitcoin in China
China was among the earliest countries to enthusiastically embrace cryptocurrencies, with its first cryptocurrency exchange, BTC China, beginning trading in 2011.
The country's relatively cheap electricity made it an attractive location for large-scale cryptocurrency mining operations, which began setting up shortly after Baidu, China's search engine giant, began accepting Bitcoin as payment for website security services in 2013.
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By 2014, the emerging industry in China welcomed Bitmain, one of the first cryptocurrency mining equipment manufacturers and mining pool operators.
Cryptocurrency mining continued to grow throughout 2016 and 2017, with the Chinese government eventually addressing growing concerns about cryptocurrencies replacing its fiat currency by banning initial coin offerings (ICOs) in 2017.
China held the majority of bitcoin mining with an average monthly hash rate of around 67% throughout most of 2020.
However, in May 2021, the State Council announced further crackdowns on bitcoin mining in China, leading to a steady decline in cryptocurrency mining until it completely stopped in June 2021.
2009-2018
China was among the earliest countries to enthusiastically embrace cryptocurrencies, with its first cryptocurrency exchange, BTC China, beginning trading in 2011.
In 2013, Baidu, China's search engine giant, started accepting Bitcoin as payment for website security services, further solidifying its place in the cryptocurrency market.
Large-scale cryptocurrency mining operations began setting up in China shortly after, drawn by the relatively cheap electricity that was attractive to miners due to the large amounts of energy required.
By 2014, the emerging industry in China welcomed Bitmain, one of the first cryptocurrency mining equipment manufacturers and mining pool operators, which became a leading manufacturer of application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) mining equipment.
The Chinese government began addressing growing concerns about cryptocurrencies replacing its fiat currency by banning initial coin offerings (ICOs) in 2017, as people's interest in anonymity and value growth continued to grow.
The industry continued to grow throughout 2016 and 2017, with cryptocurrency mining operations remaining centralized in China due to the cheap electricity.
Cryptocurrency 2019-2022
In 2020, China held the majority of bitcoin mining with an average monthly hash rate of around 67%.
The State Council announced further crackdowns on bitcoin mining in China in May 2021, which led to a significant decline in cryptocurrency mining.
Cryptocurrency mining in China fell to 55% of global mining in October 2021, continuing a steady decline.
By June 2021, all mining had stopped in China.
Bishijie, an online community for Chinese cryptocurrency investors, terminated its website and app in mainland China in July 2021.
BCTChina, which once ran the country’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, exited entirely from cryptocurrency-related businesses in July 2021.
Huobi Global, a cryptocurrency exchange, closed its doors to new users in mainland China in September 2021.
By December 2021, Huobi Global had retired all existing accounts from mainland China.
China's ban on initial coin offerings stems from the government's belief that they are generally an illegal method of raising public funds for criminal activities.
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Local
LocalBitcoins, a P2P marketplace, has made it easy for Chinese buyers to purchase Bitcoin. The platform offers a noncustodial form of crypto purchases.
LocalBitcoins has a wide range of payment methods, making it convenient for buyers to make transactions. This variety of payment options is a significant advantage for users.
One of the notable features of LocalBitcoins is its pricing guarantee, which provides buyers with a sense of security. This guarantee ensures that buyers know exactly what they're paying for.
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LocalBitcoins also has a chat feature, allowing buyers and sellers to communicate directly. This feature facilitates a smooth and efficient transaction process.
The platform's escrow service further adds to the security of transactions, protecting both buyers and sellers. This service holds the payment until the transaction is complete, ensuring a safe exchange.
LocalBitcoins is accessible on both Android and IOS mobile devices, making it easy to use on-the-go. The mobile app allows users to manage their transactions and stay connected with the marketplace.
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Regulations and Bans
China has some of the strictest crypto regulations globally, with a ban on Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) and domestic exchanges since 2017.
The country's crackdown aimed to curb financial and environmental risks associated with digital assets, but the decentralized nature of Bitcoin has allowed miners to find ways around the restrictions.
China's current stance on crypto is so strict that underground markets continue to thrive, with estimated annual crypto transaction volumes at around $86 billion.
Financial institutions are banned from offering services to crypto exchanges and must prevent crypto transactions through their systems.
Due to the ban, there is no set of laws on taxation concerning profits from crypto sales in China.
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Strict Ban
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China's strict ban on crypto is among the strictest globally. In 2017, the country banned Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) and shut down domestic exchanges.
The crackdown was aimed at curbing financial and environmental risks associated with digital assets.
China's ban on mining and trading in 2021 was a significant move, but the decentralized nature of Bitcoin has allowed miners to find ways around the restrictions.
Underground crypto trading markets continue to thrive in the country, with estimates placing the annual volume of crypto transactions in China at roughly $86 billion.
The digital yuan, a central bank digital currency (CBDC) controlled by the People's Bank of China, is part of China's broader strategy to maintain financial control.
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Regulates Crypto with New Rules
China has tightened its grip on crypto with new foreign exchange rules, signaling a deeper clampdown on crypto-related foreign exchange transactions.
The Chinese government has banned financial institutions from offering services to crypto exchanges and tasked them with preventing crypto transactions through their systems.
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China has banned crypto mining, exchanges, and buying crypto from overseas, altering the Chinese crypto landscape completely.
There is no set of laws on taxation concerning profits from crypto sales in China due to the ban.
The Chinese government has proposed bills mentioning Bitcoin loans and investment of up to 10% of the state fund in BTC.
Buying and trading cryptocurrencies in China should be considered a high-risk activity, and individuals should do their own due diligence before taking any action related to crypto.
Is Unbanning?
The crypto community is abuzz with speculation about China unbanning cryptocurrencies. As of August, there have been no official announcements regarding the ban.
Many see a potential softening of China's stance on Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, but the legal position remains unchanged. Individuals can still hold cryptocurrencies in China, but commercial crypto-related activities have long been banned.
A China-based crypto mining chip company, Nano Labs, has sparked speculation about a gradual shift by accepting Bitcoin payments. This subtle development is part of a larger trend of China's growing recognition of Bitcoin's influence.
Bitcoin's value continues its upward trend, fueled partly by Donald Trump's recent election victory, with the top asset trading above $97,000 as of press time.
Buying and Storing Bitcoins
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Buying Bitcoins in China can be a bit tricky, but it's not impossible. Many Chinese citizens continue to hold onto their crypto assets, and there are ways to liquidate them.
One option is to use Peer to Peer (P2P) marketplaces, which connect Bitcoin buyers to sellers. These platforms, like Paxful and LocalBitcoins, provide escrow services to prevent scamming and allow buyers to browse offers based on location, payment method, and seller feedback score.
To get started, you'll need to open an account on one of these platforms, which is relatively easy. Once you're set up, you can use various payment options, including bank transfer, Alipay, and WeChat Pay.
Here are some key features to look out for when using P2P marketplaces:
After buying Bitcoins, it's essential to store them securely. You can use a secure external wallet, which comes in two categories: hot wallets and cold wallets.
Buying Options
Buying options for Bitcoin in China are limited, but there are still ways to acquire the cryptocurrency. You can use Peer to Peer Marketplaces (P2P), which connect buyers to sellers, or Over-the-counter (OTC) desks that facilitate buying and selling without an exchange service.
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P2P marketplaces like Paxful and LocalBitcoins are still operating in China, offering a range of payment options including bank transfer, Alipay, and WeChat Pay. These platforms also provide escrow services to prevent scamming and offer good filter options to find reputable sellers.
If you're looking for a more decentralized option, you can consider using Decentralized Exchanges (DEXs) like dYdX and Uniswap, which don't require Know Your Customer (KYC) details and are harder to track.
Here are some popular P2P platforms available in China:
Keep in mind that some of these options may expose your transaction to greater regulatory scrutiny, so it's essential to do your due diligence and research before making a purchase.
Storing Coins
Storing Coins is a crucial step in owning Bitcoins. You should move your Bitcoin away from P2P platforms and exchanges to a secure external wallet.
P2P platforms and exchanges offer crypto wallets, but it's recommended to use a separate wallet. Bitcoin wallets come in two categories, which we'll discuss below.
Using a secure external wallet will protect your Bitcoin from hacking and other security risks. You can't be too careful when it comes to your cryptocurrency.
There are two types of Bitcoin wallets: you can choose between them.
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Bitcoin in China Today
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China is one of the world's largest bitcoin markets, with a significant share of global trading volume.
The Chinese government has been actively involved in regulating the cryptocurrency market, with the People's Bank of China issuing a statement in 2017 calling for greater oversight.
China's bitcoin mining industry is a significant contributor to the country's energy consumption, with some estimates suggesting it accounts for over 60% of global mining activity.
The Chinese government has been exploring the use of blockchain technology in various sectors, including supply chain management and healthcare.
China's bitcoin exchanges have been subject to strict regulations, with some being forced to shut down due to non-compliance.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does China have a lot of Bitcoin?
China still has a significant presence in Bitcoin's network, with around 20% of the global hash rate located there as of 2022. Despite restrictions, Chinese businesses remain a major force in Bitcoin mining.
How many bitcoins does China own?
China owns an estimated 190,000 Bitcoins, making it the second-largest governmental holder of the cryptocurrency. This significant reserve was primarily acquired through asset seizures linked to illicit activities.
Sources
- https://www.cnbc.com/2021/12/18/chinas-underground-bitcoin-miners-.html
- https://www.investopedia.com/news/price-cryptocurrencies-totally-dependent-china/
- https://cryptoslate.com/crypto-clarified-as-personal-property-in-china-remains-barred-for-businesses/
- https://cryptoslate.com/china-persists-as-bitcoin-mining-giant-despite-crypto-ban-cryptoquant/
- https://www.banklesstimes.com/cryptocurrency/bitcoin/buy-bitcoin/china/
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