Are Series I Bonds a Good Investment for Savers?

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Posted Oct 20, 2024

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Series I bonds can be a good investment for savers, but they're not for everyone. They offer a unique combination of inflation protection and tax benefits.

One key benefit is that the interest rate is adjusted semiannually to keep pace with inflation, which means your investment can grow in value over time.

In fact, since their introduction in 1998, Series I bonds have consistently outperformed inflation, making them an attractive option for those looking to preserve purchasing power.

However, there are some limitations to consider, including the fact that they're subject to a maximum investment limit of $10,000 per calendar year.

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What Are I Bonds?

I Bonds are a type of savings bond issued by the US Department of the Treasury.

They are designed to help you save for long-term goals, such as education or retirement. I Bonds are also known as Series I savings bonds, and they're a low-risk investment option.

The interest rate on I Bonds is a combination of a fixed rate and an inflation rate, which is adjusted every six months. This means your money can grow over time, even if inflation is high.

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I Bonds are available to anyone with a Social Security number or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number. You can buy them online through the Treasury Department's website or through a financial institution.

The minimum purchase amount for an I Bond is $25, and the maximum is $10,000 per year. This limit applies to both electronic and paper I Bonds.

Benefits of Investing in I Bonds

Investing in I Bonds offers several benefits that make them an attractive option for those looking to grow their savings while minimizing risk. One of the headline benefits is the fact that their rates adjust for inflation, which is a massive advantage during periods of high inflation.

I Bonds tend to earn higher returns than most investments during inflationary periods, including the average stock. In fact, I Bonds often outperform many of the highest-performing stocks as well during inflationary periods. This is because they're backed by the U.S. government, making them a low-risk investment.

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The composite rate on I Bonds can never be less than 0%, even during deflationary periods when the inflation rate is negative. All interest is compounded, which also boosts your savings while your money is invested in I Bonds.

Here are some key benefits of investing in I Bonds:

  • Essentially risk-free
  • Inflation protection
  • Interest is exempt from state and local taxes
  • Interest can be tax-free if used for education

The income from I Bonds is sometimes exempt from tax for lower- and middle-income households that use it to pay for college tuition. This makes them a great option for families looking to save for education expenses.

Cons of Investing in I Bonds

Investing in I Bonds has its limitations, and it's essential to understand these before making a decision. You can only invest up to $10,000 worth of electronic I Bonds per year, although you may be able to purchase an additional $5,000 worth of paper I Bonds using your tax refund.

The option to purchase paper I Bonds ends in 2024, so if you're planning to take advantage of this, you'll need to do so before then. After January 2025, you'll only be able to buy I Bonds online through TreasuryDirect.gov.

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One of the main drawbacks of I Bonds is that you can't buy them through a brokerage, so you'll have to purchase them directly from the Treasury. This means you'll have to keep track of your purchases on your own, without the help of a brokerage.

You'll also need to hold onto I Bonds for at least a year before you can cash them out. If you redeem them before five years are up, you'll lose the last three months of interest. This can be a significant drawback if the rate plunges due to falling inflation.

Here are some of the key cons of investing in I Bonds:

  • Cannot be bought and sold on secondary market
  • Limited dollar cap per person, per year
  • Must be held for at least 1 year
  • Forfeit 3 months interest if redeemed within 5 years
  • Comparatively low interest rate vs. riskier investments

These limitations are worth considering before investing in I Bonds. It's essential to carefully weigh the pros and cons to determine if this type of investment is right for you.

Understanding I Bond Interest

I bonds are a type of savings bond that earns interest in two parts: a fixed rate and a variable inflation rate.

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The fixed rate is determined by the Secretary of the Treasury and is announced every six months on the first business day in May and the first business day in November.

The fixed rate is then applied to all Series I bonds issued during the next six months and is compounded semiannually.

Inflation adjustments are made twice a year, on May 1 and November 1, and are based on changes to the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The composite rate for I bonds can fluctuate over time, providing investors with protection against inflation.

If inflation rises, the interest rate on I bonds rises too, and if inflation cools, so does the interest rate on I bonds.

Here's a breakdown of the composite interest rate for I bonds issued between November 1, 2023 and April 30, 2024:

You can check the current I Bond rate here.

Interest is compounded every six months, which means that any interest you've earned will be added to the bond's principal value, and you'll start earning interest on that interest.

Purchasing and Maturity of I Bonds

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I Bonds are essentially risk-free, making them a great option for those who want to minimize their investment risk.

You can buy I Bonds directly from the US Treasury Department's website, and the maximum purchase limit per person, per year is capped.

The maturity period of an I Bond is 30 years, with a 20-year original maturity period followed by a 10-year extended maturity period.

To redeem an I Bond, you must hold it for at least one year, and if you redeem it within the first five years, you'll forfeit the most recent three months of interest.

Here are the key facts about purchasing and maturity of I Bonds:

I Bonds are often favored by investors seeking protection against inflation, as their variable interest rate helps preserve purchasing power over time.

Comparison and Alternatives

I-bonds offer a unique combination of high returns and low risk, making them a compelling investment option. They tend to earn higher returns than most investments during inflationary periods, including average stocks.

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During periods of low inflation or deflation, I-bonds' rates may not be as attractive, but they still offer a safe haven for your principal. In fact, the composite rate can never be less than 0%, even during deflationary periods.

Compared to other low-risk investments like CDs or high-yield savings accounts, I-bonds offer significantly higher returns, depending on the inflation rate.

I Bonds vs EE Bonds

Series I Bonds offer a unique feature - their interest rates are adjusted semiannually to keep pace with inflation, making them a good option for investors looking to hedge against inflation. This is a key difference between I Bonds and EE Bonds.

Both Series I Bonds and Series EE Bonds are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, making them a safe and low-risk investment option.

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I Bonds vs Other Investments

I Bonds offer a unique combination of safety and inflation protection that sets them apart from other investments. They are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government, making them an extremely low-risk option.

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Compared to certificates of deposit (CDs) or high-yield savings accounts, I Bonds can offer significantly higher returns, especially during inflationary periods. This is because the composite rate can be adjusted semi-annually to reflect changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

One of the biggest advantages of I Bonds is that they can protect your purchasing power against inflation, which is especially important during periods of high inflation. This is achieved through the variable inflation rate component of the bond's interest rate, which is adjusted semi-annually based on changes in the CPI.

In contrast to high-yielding investments that carry more risk, I Bonds generate high returns without exposing you to the same level of risk. This is because they are backed by the U.S. government, making them a very safe option.

The income from I Bonds is usually exempt from state and local taxes, which can be a significant advantage for investors in high-tax states.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long should you hold series I bonds?

To avoid penalties, hold Series I bonds for at least 12 months. Holding them for 5 years or more allows you to redeem without forfeiting interest.

Will I bond go up in 2024?

The September 2024 I Bond composite rate is projected to go below 3%, but the future rate is uncertain. Continue reading to learn more about the potential impact on your I Bonds.

Sources

  1. TreasuryDirect.gov (treasurydirect.gov)
  2. recently reset in May (treasurydirect.gov)
  3. TreasuryDirect (treasurydirect.gov)
  4. directly from the government (treasurydirect.gov)
  5. TreasuryDirect website (treasurydirect.gov)
  6. "I Bonds Interest Rates" (treasurydirect.gov)
  7. Series I Savings Bonds Rates & Terms: Calculating Interest Rates (treasurydirect.gov)
  8. Using Your Income Tax Refund to Save by Buying U.S. Savings Bonds (irs.gov)
  9. Tax Considerations for I Bonds (treasurydirect.gov)
  10. Using I Bonds for Higher Education (treasurydirect.gov)
  11. Buying Series I Savings Bonds (treasurydirect.gov)
  12. variable and fixed portion (treasurydirect.gov)
  13. here (treasurydirect.gov)
  14. I bond rates (tipswatch.com)

Colleen Boyer

Lead Assigning Editor

Colleen Boyer is a seasoned Assigning Editor with a keen eye for compelling storytelling. With a background in journalism and a passion for complex ideas, she has built a reputation for overseeing high-quality content across a range of subjects. Her expertise spans the realm of finance, with a particular focus on Investment Theory.