
Preferred stock dividends can be a source of confusion for investors, especially when it comes to tax exemptions.
In the United States, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) considers preferred stock dividends ordinary income, subject to federal income tax.
Preferred stockholders are entitled to a fixed dividend rate, which can be a significant source of income.
The IRS views preferred stock as a hybrid security, combining elements of both debt and equity.
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What Are Preferred Dividend Benefits?
Preferred dividend benefits include paying higher dividend rates than common stock of the same company. This is a significant advantage for investors looking for steady income.
One benefit of preferred stock is that it typically pays higher dividend rates than common stock of the same company. This is a key reason why many investors opt for preferred stock.
Preferred dividends are issued based on the par value and dividend rate of the preferred stock. This means that the dividend payment is tied to the stock's par value and dividend rate.
A company declares all future preferred dividend obligations in advance, so it must allocate funds for that purpose where they accumulate in arrears. This ensures that preferred shareholders receive their dividend payments on time.
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Understanding Dividends

Dividends on preferred shares are taxable income, but the tax rate you pay depends on whether the IRS considers the dividends to be "qualified." Qualified dividends are taxed at lower rates than ordinary income.
For 2024 and 2025, the tax rate ranges from 0% to 20% depending on your tax bracket. This is a significant advantage over bond interest, which is usually taxed as ordinary income.
Preferred dividends are issued based on the par value and dividend rate of the preferred stock. The dividend rate is a fixed rate based on the par value, but this can be unfavorable in high inflation periods because the fixed payment is not adjusted for inflation.
The dividends for preferred stocks are determined in advance and paid out before any dividend for the common stock is determined. This means that preferred stockholders typically receive their dividends before common stockholders.
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Key Takeaways
Preferred stockholders typically receive preferential treatment regarding dividends, in exchange for sacrificing long-term security. This means they get a fixed rate of interest, but may not participate in the company's future growth.
The tax implications of preferred dividends are a big consideration. Qualified dividends are taxed at lower rates than ordinary income, ranging from 0% to 20% depending on your tax bracket.
To qualify for these lower tax rates, you need to meet the holding period requirement. This means buying the stock at least 60 days before the ex-dividend date.
Here's a summary of the key tax rates for qualified dividends:
Preferred stock can be less volatile than common shares, but it's essential to weigh this against the potential for lower returns.
Dividends in Arrears
Preferred stock dividends in arrears are a crucial aspect of understanding dividends. Preferred stockholders have priority over common stockholders in regard to dividends, so if a company elects to forgo payment of dividends, these forgone dividends accumulate and must eventually be paid to preferred shareholders.
These accumulated dividends are legal obligations to be paid to preferred shareholders before any common-stock shareholder receives any dividend. All previously omitted dividends must be paid before any current-year dividends may be paid.
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Preferred dividends in arrears are reported in a company's financial statement. Noncumulative preferred stock does not have this feature, and all preferred dividends in arrears may be disregarded.
This means that if a company has a noncumulative preferred stock, the company can essentially ignore the accumulated dividends and move on, but if it has a cumulative preferred stock, it must pay all the accumulated dividends before paying any current-year dividends.
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Tax Implications
Tax Implications are something to consider when investing in preferred stock. Qualified dividends are taxed at lower rates than ordinary income.
For 2024 and 2025, the tax rate on qualified dividends ranges from 0% to 20% depending on your tax bracket. This is a significant tax savings compared to ordinary income.
Bond interest, on the other hand, is usually taxed as ordinary income. If you're deciding between bonds and preferred stock, take these potential tax savings into account.
To qualify for these lower tax rates, you need to make sure your preferred stock dividends meet the IRS's requirements.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How are PFF dividends taxed?
PFF dividends are taxed at lower capital gains rates, ranging from 0% to 20%, depending on your income bracket. Qualified PFF dividends are taxed more favorably than non-qualified ones.
How are preferred stock distributions taxed?
Preferred stock distributions are taxable income, with tax rates ranging from 0% to 20% depending on the tax bracket, and may be eligible for lower rates if considered "qualified" by the IRS. Taxation of preferred stock distributions can be complex, so it's best to consult a tax professional for specific guidance.
Sources
- https://turbotax.intuit.com/tax-tips/investments-and-taxes/tax-tips-for-preferred-stock/L6gOMKT1W
- https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/preferred_stock
- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/preferreddividend.asp
- https://app.achievable.me/study/finra-series-7/learn/preferred-stock-suitability-benefits
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preferred_stock
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