Car loans can be a bit confusing, especially when it comes to interest rates. Simple interest is calculated as a percentage of the initial loan amount, but it's not the only type of interest rate you'll find on car loans.
Most car loans have a fixed interest rate, which means the rate stays the same for the entire loan term. This can be beneficial for borrowers who want to know exactly how much they'll pay each month.
Car loan interest rates can vary depending on factors like credit score, loan term, and loan amount. For example, a loan with a higher credit score might have a lower interest rate.
If you're considering a car loan, it's essential to understand the interest rate you're committing to. This will help you plan your finances and make informed decisions about your loan.
Auto Loan Basics
Auto loans can be a bit confusing, but let's break it down. A simple-interest car loan is the most common type of auto loan, and it's less expensive for the borrower than compound interest.
You'll typically have fixed monthly payments that apply to both the principal balance and the interest that has accrued over the month. The amount of interest you pay each month changes as you pay down the loan, with more going toward the principal and less toward interest.
Simple-interest car loans reevaluate your remaining principal against your interest rate monthly to evenly distribute your interest over the period of your loan. This means that the more of your principal you pay off per month, the less interest will be accrued over time.
Here are some key benefits of simple-interest auto loans:
- More affordable payments: Since the amount of interest you pay each month is only based on the principal balance, you may have lower monthly payments.
- Sizable cost savings: Paying off your loan early can save you hundreds of dollars in interest.
- Commonly offered: Simple-interest auto loans are the most common type of auto loan, making it easier to find a lender that suits your needs.
What Is a Loan?
A loan is essentially a type of borrowing where you receive money from a lender in exchange for a promise to pay it back, usually with some extra added on top, known as interest.
Loans can be structured in different ways, one common type being simple-interest loans, which calculate interest solely on the principal amount borrowed.
Simple-interest car loans, for example, are a type of loan where interest is calculated solely on the principal amount borrowed, rather than the principal plus interest already accumulated.
This means that the interest rate is applied only to the initial amount borrowed, not to the growing balance of the loan over time.
Some loans, including auto loans and short-term loans, commonly use this simple-interest structure.
Mortgages, on the other hand, may use a different interest structure, but some do use simple-interest loans.
Loan Basics
Simple interest auto loans have fixed monthly payments that apply to both the principal balance and the interest that has accrued over the month. This type of loan is typically less expensive for the borrower than compound interest.
A simple interest auto loan is front-loaded, meaning a larger portion of the monthly payment goes toward interest at the beginning of the loan term, and more toward the principal balance at the end. This is because the interest is calculated solely on the principal amount borrowed, rather than the principal and interest combined.
For example, consider a $36,000 auto loan with an interest rate of 6 percent and a four-year term. You’ll pay about $845 monthly and $4,582 in interest over the life of the loan.
The amount you are charged in interest decreases as the outstanding loan balance shrinks. Here's a breakdown of how much of your payment goes toward interest versus your principal balance over the life of the loan:
The amortization schedule shows how the loan balance decreases over time, with more of the monthly payment going toward the principal balance as the loan is paid off.
Simple interest auto loans are commonly offered by lenders, and they can be a good option for borrowers who want to save money on interest over the life of the loan.
Type of Lender
When considering auto loans, it's essential to understand the different types of lenders available. Many banks offer auto loans, but they can come with higher interest rates.
Credit unions are a great alternative, often providing lower interest rates than banks. In fact, credit union car loans typically have lower interest rates than car loans from banks.
Automakers' finance companies also offer auto loans, and they might run special promotions to attract customers. If you have excellent credit, you may be able to snag a 0% APR offer from the dealer.
Auto Loan Interest
Auto loan interest is calculated in one of two ways: simple interest or precomputed interest. Simple interest loans are the most common type, where the interest is calculated based on the loan balance on the day your payment is due.
The interest rate on a car loan can vary depending on your credit score, down payment, and loan term. According to the Federal Reserve, the average auto loan rate on a 48-month new-car loan was 5.21% in the first quarter of 2021.
A simple interest loan has fixed monthly payments that apply to both the principal balance and the interest that has accrued over the month. This means that more of the monthly payment is applied toward the interest than the principal in the beginning, but as you pay down the loan, a larger portion of the monthly payment starts to go toward the principal.
The amount of interest you pay each month changes on a simple interest loan. For example, if you have a $25,000 car loan with a 48-month term and a 4% interest rate, you'll pay an estimated $83 in interest and $481 in principal during the first month of the loan term.
Here's a breakdown of how the interest and principal payments change over the life of the loan:
By paying more than the minimum payment each month, you can reduce the principal balance faster and pay off your loan earlier. This can lead to significant cost savings, as you'll pay less interest over the life of the loan.
If you have a simple interest loan, you can also reduce your interest charges by paying off the balance early. This can be especially beneficial if you have a shorter loan term, as you'll pay less interest overall.
To give you a better idea of the factors that affect the interest rate on a car loan, here are some key points to consider:
- Current interest rates: In a strong economic environment, interest rates tend to be higher. In weaker periods, they can be lower.
- Credit scores: Good credit scores can mean lower interest rates, while lower credit scores can mean higher interest rates.
- Down payment: The amount you can pay upfront for a car can affect your loan's interest rate. The more you put down, the lower the rate you may get.
- Term of loan: Rates vary depending on a loan's term. Longer-term loans can come with higher interest rates.
- Lender type: Credit unions often offer more attractive rates on car loans than banks.
- New or used cars: Rates on loans for used cars are typically higher than on loans for new cars.
Calculating Interest
Calculating interest on a car loan is a bit more complex than you might think. It's calculated based on your loan balance on the day your payment is due, which is why simple interest loans have a front-loaded interest structure.
The daily interest rate is found by dividing your interest rate by 365 or 360 days, depending on what your lender selects. This is then multiplied by your principal to find your daily interest charge.
To give you an idea of how this works, let's look at an example from Example 2: if you had an auto loan of $20,000 with an 8% interest rate over four years, your estimated monthly payment would be $488.26, with a total of $3,436.41 in interest paid over the life of the loan.
The good news is that simple interest loans can potentially reduce the total interest over time by allowing you to pay off more of the principal each month. This adjusts the interest, making it a more manageable and affordable option.
Here's a breakdown of how interest is calculated on a simple interest loan, as explained in Example 3:
- Simple interest loans calculate interest based on your loan balance on the day your payment is due.
- Precomputed interest loans calculate interest at the start of your loan and based on your total loan amount.
If you're looking to reduce your interest payments, making proactive payments toward your principal can make a big difference. Paying more than the minimum payment, making additional payments, or paying off your principal early can all help reduce your total interest and pay off your loan faster.
As Example 4 notes, reducing the amount of interest you pay on your auto loan ultimately comes down to paying off your principal as quickly as possible. Since interest is calculated over time, on-time payments and overpayment can be great strategies to save money in the long term.
To get an estimate of your amortization schedule, you can use an auto loan calculator. This will help you see how your monthly payment is split between interest and principal over the life of your loan.
Types of Interest
Lenders calculate interest on auto loans in one of two ways - simple or precomputed. With a simple interest loan, your interest is calculated based on your loan balance on the day your car payment is due.
Simple interest loans calculate interest based on the principal amount of your loan, while compound interest uses your principal plus any unpaid interest. Compound interest can increase significantly more than simple interest when your loan is lengthened or your compound rate increases.
A simple-interest car loan has an average interest rate of 15.77% for people with bad credit.
Vs Compound
Simple interest and compound interest are two different ways to calculate interest on a loan. Compound interest is calculated using your principal plus any unpaid interest, which can lead to paying hundreds or even thousands of dollars more in interest over the life of the loan.
Simple-interest loans, on the other hand, use a fixed interest rate and only calculate interest on the principal amount of the loan. This can be a more predictable and cost-effective option for borrowers.
Compound interest increases significantly more than simple interest when the loan is lengthened or the interest rate increases. This means that even if you make on-time payments, you could still end up paying a lot more in interest with a compound-interest loan.
The key difference between simple interest and compound interest is the way interest is calculated. Simple-interest loans use a fixed interest rate, while compound-interest loans use a variable rate that takes into account both the principal and any unpaid interest.
Here's a comparison of the two types of interest:
Understanding the difference between simple interest and compound interest can help you make informed decisions when it comes to choosing a loan and managing your finances.
Precomputed
Precomputed interest is a type of interest calculation used in some auto loans. It's calculated upfront based on the loan amount, and that amount is added to the principal and divided by the number of months in the loan term to determine your monthly payment.
The interest is calculated at the start of your loan, so the amount of interest you pay each month remains the same. This is in contrast to simple interest loans, where the interest changes each month.
If you pay more than the minimum due or make extra payments, you won't save as much on interest as you would with a simple interest loan. This is because your payments don't apply to principal and interest separately, like they do with a simple interest loan.
Here's a comparison of precomputed interest and simple interest loans:
This means that if you have a precomputed interest loan, you'll pay the same amount of interest each month, whereas with a simple interest loan, the interest will change each month.
Frequently Asked Questions
What type of loans use simple interest?
Automobile loans and short-term personal loans typically use simple interest. These types of loans have straightforward interest calculations, making them easier to understand and manage.
Sources
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-finance/061615/how-interest-rates-work-car-loans.asp
- https://www.capitalone.com/cars/learn/getting-a-good-deal/simpleinterest-car-loans-what-you-need-to-know/2509
- https://www.bankrate.com/loans/auto-loans/simple-interest-auto-loans/
- https://www.creditkarma.com/auto/i/car-loans-interest
- https://www.creditacceptance.com/blog/consumer/auto-financing-101-how-does-interest-work-
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