
Alternative investment vehicle types offer a range of benefits, from diversification to potentially higher returns.
Private equity investments can provide long-term capital appreciation and income, as seen in the example of private equity firms investing in undervalued companies.
Real estate investment trusts (REITs) offer a way to invest in real estate without directly owning physical properties, allowing for a more liquid investment option.
Hedge funds can provide absolute returns, uncorrelated with traditional asset classes, as demonstrated by their ability to perform well during market downturns.
Private placements allow companies to raise capital from a small group of investors, often with fewer regulatory requirements than traditional IPOs.
Understanding Alternative Investments
Alternative investments are complex and often illiquid, making them a challenging but potentially rewarding addition to an investment portfolio. Most alternative investment assets are held by institutional investors or high-net-worth individuals due to their complex nature and lack of regulation.
These investments typically have high minimum investments and fee structures, especially when compared to mutual funds and exchange-traded funds. Transaction costs are typically lower than those of conventional assets due to lower levels of turnover, but the initial investment fees can be steep.
Investors may struggle to value alternative investments, as the assets and transactions involving them are often rare. For example, a seller of a 1933 Saint-Gaudens Double Eagle $20 gold coin may have difficulty determining its value, as there are only 11 known to exist and only one can be legally owned.
Some alternative investments, like commodities, involve buying physical assets such as gold, silver, oil, or agricultural products. Investors can participate in commodity investments through commodity trading platforms, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), or mutual funds.
Alternative investments often have less opportunity to publish verifiable performance data and advertise to potential investors, making it harder for individuals to get started with investing in these assets. However, with the right knowledge and approach, it's possible to navigate the complexities of alternative investments and potentially reap the rewards.
Here are some examples of alternative investments and their typical characteristics:
Types of Alternative Investments
Alternative investments come in many forms, each with its own unique characteristics. Private equity investments involve buying shares in a private company or a group of companies.
There are several types of alternative investments, including private equity, private debt, hedge funds, real estate, commodities, collectibles, structured products, venture capital, distressed debt, derivatives, and intellectual property. Private debt refers to the provision of loans or fixed income instruments to non-publicly traded entities.
Some common types of alternative investments include private equity, private debt, hedge funds, and real estate. These investments can provide a diversification benefit to an investment portfolio and potentially offer higher returns than traditional investments.
Here are some of the most common types of alternative investments:
- Private equity: Equity in a privately held company
- Private debt: Debt investments not held by a bank or traded on the open market
- Hedge funds: Investment funds that primarily trade illiquid assets
- Real estate: Including land, buildings, and other structures
- Commodities: Real, physical assets, such as agricultural products, oil, and precious metals
- Collectibles: A range of physical items, such as artwork, cars, and wine
- Structured products: Alternative assets that involve fixed income
- Venture capital: Investments made in privately held startups
- Distressed debt: Debt purchased from a failing company, with the hope of that company turning around
- Derivatives: Financial assets that are derived from another asset
- Intellectual property: Intangible assets that can include anything from patents to creative works, such as film or music catalogs
Commodities
Commodities are a type of alternative investment that involves buying and selling raw materials such as gold, silver, oil, and agricultural products.
These tangible goods have real-world uses and often perpetual demand due to their underlying characteristics. For example, gold's price is arguably more stable because it is used in a variety of industries and is considered a store of value.
Investors can benefit from the price fluctuations of commodities, such as gold and oil, which are often influenced by supply and demand. This can provide a diversification opportunity for investors looking to reduce their reliance on traditional stocks and bonds.
Some examples of commodities include:
- Gold
- Silver
- Oil
- Agricultural products
By investing in commodities, investors can potentially earn a profit from the price movements of these raw materials, providing a unique opportunity to diversify their investment portfolio.
Art and Collectibles
Art and collectibles can be a fascinating alternative investment option. They may have historical worth or develop worth over time as related parties become more historic.
Some art and collectibles can double as a hobby, making the investment process more enjoyable. You can invest in art and collectibles through art dealers, auction houses, or online marketplaces.
Due to the uniqueness of these goods, it's essential to consider the reputation of the dealer when exploring avenues to trade. This will help ensure that your investment is legitimate and has a good chance of increasing in value.
Investors can consider a range of art and collectibles, including high-end watches, sports memorabilia, and entertainment memorabilia. These items can appreciate in value over time, making them a viable alternative investment option.
Here are some examples of art and collectibles that can be invested in:
- Art: Paintings, sculptures, and other forms of visual art
- High-end watches: Luxury timepieces from brands like Rolex or Patek Philippe
- Sports memorabilia: Items like jerseys, autographed balls, or game-used equipment
- Entertainment memorabilia: Items like movie props, costumes, or autographed photographs
Other Types
Private equity investments involve buying shares in a private company or a group of companies, which can be done through private equity firms, venture capital funds, or crowdfunding platforms.
Investors can also participate in private debt, which is debt investments not held by a bank or traded on the open market.
Peer-to-peer lending is a relatively new phenomenon where online services offer loans for businesses, personal use, or anything else. This type of lending allows you to join a pool of investors who loan money to others, with the loan being funded by you once the borrower qualifies.
Real estate investments include land, buildings, and other structures, which can be bought through various means such as buying rental properties or investing in Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs).
Collectibles, a range of physical items, can be invested in through art dealers, auction houses, or online marketplaces, with consideration given to the reputation of the dealer.
Structured products, alternative assets that involve fixed income, are also an option for investors.
Derivatives, financial assets that are derived from another asset, can be used to hedge against risks or speculate on price movements.
Intellectual property, intangible assets that can include patents, creative works, and more, can be invested in for potential returns.
Here are some of the other types of alternative investments:
Traditional vs. Alternative Investments
Traditional investments are considered liquid, highly regulated, and open to the general public. They're often correlated to the markets and come in the form of stocks, bonds, and cash or cash equivalents.
Traditional investments are regulated by various bodies such as the SEC, Federal Reserve Board, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and Financial Conduct Authority. This regulation provides a level of transparency and protection for investors.
On the other hand, alternative investments are usually illiquid, less regulated, and only open to accredited investors. They're less correlated to the markets and can take many forms, including private equity, hedge funds, and commodities.
Here's a comparison of traditional and alternative investments:
Alternative investments often come with a higher risk, but also offer greater potential rewards. Due to their illiquidity, alternative investments typically have longer investment timelines than traditional investments.
Peer-to-Peer Lending
Peer-to-peer lending is a relatively new phenomenon where online services connect borrowers with investors, allowing you to make loans to individuals or businesses. Peer-to-peer lending takes a similar form to investing in bonds.
The term "alternative investment" refers to an investment being alternative to stocks, bonds, and cash, which can include peer-to-peer lending. This means you're not just limited to traditional investments.
Online P2P services offer loans for various purposes, including personal use or business expansion. You can join the pool of investors who are willing to loan money to others.
There are no banks involved in P2P lending, and your money is typically pooled with other investors' money to make a loan. You'll receive a fixed repayment each month that includes the interest you're owed.
The main risk with P2P lending is that you're loaning to people who may not have been able to get a loan from a bank, increasing their likelihood of default.
Equity Crowdfunding
Equity crowdfunding is a way to invest in startups and small businesses by buying shares of their companies. It's a relatively new phenomenon that allows anyone to invest with just a few hundred dollars.
You can start investing in equity crowdfunding through websites like AngelList, CircleUp, SeedInvest, and Wefunder. These platforms connect investors with startup companies that need funding.
Equity crowdfunding offers a chance to own part of a company and share in its success. However, the risk is that if the company fails, you could lose your investment.
Some equity crowdfunding success stories include Cruise, a self-driving vehicle technology company that was largely developed through equity crowdfunding. General Motors bought Cruise in 2016, creating profits for investors.
Here are some popular equity crowdfunding platforms to consider:
- AngelList
- CircleUp
- SeedInvest
- Wefunder
Remember to diversify your investment portfolio by considering a variety of investments, including equity crowdfunding. This can help spread out the risk and potentially increase your returns.
Benefits and Risks
Alternative investment vehicles can be a great way to diversify your portfolio and potentially increase returns, but it's essential to understand the benefits and risks involved.
Investing in alternative assets has many advantages, including low market correlation, lower volatility, and the ability to target personal interests. This can provide opportunities for investment portfolio diversification and an inflation hedge.
Some alternative investments, such as hedge funds, allow investors to take a short position on an underlying asset, enabling them to profit in declining markets.
Alternative investments can also offer greater tax efficiency and flexibility in investment options, making them more suitable for investors with specific preferences and goals.
However, alternative investments also come with risks, including liquidity issues, valuation complexities, and less regulation.
Some alternative investments may be illiquid, making it difficult to sell them quickly, and their valuations can be complicated due to their nature and illiquidity.
Additionally, alternative investments often have higher fees and expenses compared to traditional investments, which can significantly reduce investor returns.
Here are some benefits and risks of alternative investments:
- May offer diversification benefits
- Often have higher return potential than traditional investments
- May offer protection against inflation
- May offer investors more specialty investment options
- May be less liquid and more difficult to sell in a hurry
- Often associated with higher fees and transaction costs
- Often have higher risk than traditional investments
- Often lacks transparency and may have reduced regulation
- May not be right for novice investors due to their complexity
- May be illiquid
Advantages and Disadvantages
Alternative investments offer a range of benefits, including low market correlation and lower volatility compared to traditional assets.
By investing in alternatives, you can diversify your portfolio and reduce overall risk. This is because alternative assets tend to have a low correlation to traditional markets, making them less affected by broad market swings.
Some alternative investments, like hedge funds, allow you to take a short position on an underlying asset, enabling you to profit in declining markets. This is a unique opportunity not typically available with traditional assets.
Real estate investing has its own set of advantages, including lower volatility compared to stocks. This is because real estate is a physical asset that holds value, even if the housing market crashes.
Alternative investments can also provide greater tax efficiency, although this can be uncertain and subject to change.
Here are some key benefits of alternative investments:
- Low market correlation
- Lower volatility
- Ability to target personal interests
- Opportunity to profit in falling markets
- Greater tax efficiency
It's worth noting that alternative investments often have a longer investment horizon than traditional investments. This is because they can be riskier, but also potentially more rewarding.
What Are the Risks?
Alternative investments can be a great way to diversify your portfolio and potentially increase returns, but they also come with their own set of risks.
One of the main risks is liquidity - alternative investments are often illiquid, meaning you may not be able to quickly sell them if you need to access your money.
Another risk is valuation, as some alternative assets have complicated valuations due to their illiquidity.
Alternative investments are also often subject to less regulation than traditional investments, which can increase the risk of fraud or misconduct.
The complexity of alternative investments can also make them more opaque as an investment opportunity, making it difficult for investors to understand their true value.
Some alternative investments, like art and collectibles, can be particularly high-risk, with costs and fees that can be steep, and a risk of the asset being destroyed.
Here are some specific risks associated with alternative investments:
- Liquidity: Alternative investments are often illiquid, making it difficult to quickly sell them.
- Valuation: Complicated valuations due to illiquidity can make it difficult to determine the true value of an alternative investment.
- Less regulation: Alternative investments are often subject to less regulation than traditional investments, increasing the risk of fraud or misconduct.
- Increased complexity: Alternative investments can be difficult to understand and evaluate, making them more opaque as an investment opportunity.
- High costs and fees: Some alternative investments, like art and collectibles, can come with high costs and fees.
- Risk of asset being destroyed: Alternative investments like art and collectibles can be at risk of being destroyed, which can result in a total loss of value.
Risks of Currency Investing
Investing in currencies can be a complex and uncertain venture. Inflation risk is a major concern, as it can erode the value of your investment over time.
Inflation risk is a real threat, and it's essential to consider it before investing in currencies. For instance, if inflation rises, the value of your investment may decrease.
Price correlation is another risk to consider. This means that the value of one currency can be influenced by the value of another currency, making it difficult to predict the market.
Timing the market is also crucial when it comes to currency investing. If you're not careful, you may end up buying or selling at the wrong time, resulting in losses.
Here are some key risks to consider when investing in currencies:
- Inflation risk
- Price correlation
- Timing of the market
Investing in Alternative Investments
Investing in alternative investments can be a bit overwhelming, but let's break it down. Private equity investments involve buying shares in a private company or a group of companies, and can be accessed through private equity firms, venture capital funds, or crowdfunding platforms.
To get started, you'll need to have a substantial amount of investment capital and be an accredited investor to invest in hedge funds. These funds are typically only available to high-net-worth individuals. On the other hand, commodity investments involve buying physical assets like gold, silver, or oil, and can be accessed through commodity trading platforms, ETFs, or mutual funds.
Here are some ways to invest in alternative assets:
- Pension funds
- Endowment plans
- Foundations
- Sovereign wealth funds
- Family offices
- Insurance companies
These investors are known as limited partners (LPs), and they make capital commitments to alternative funds after conducting thorough due diligence.
How to Invest
Investing in alternative investments can be a bit more complex than traditional stocks and bonds, but with the right approach, it can also be incredibly rewarding. Private equity investments, for example, typically involve buying shares in a private company or a group of companies.
Private equity firms, venture capital funds, and crowdfunding platforms are all viable options for participating in private equity investments. Real estate investments, on the other hand, can be made through rental properties, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), or real estate crowdfunding platforms.
Hedge funds, however, are typically only available to accredited investors with a high net worth and substantial investment capital. To invest in hedge funds, you'll need to work with a hedge fund manager or broker.
Commodity investments involve buying physical assets like gold, silver, oil, or agricultural products, and can be made through commodity trading platforms, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), or mutual funds. Art and collectibles, such as paintings or rare coins, can also be invested in through art dealers, auction houses, or online marketplaces.
It's essential to research the reputation of the dealer when investing in art and collectibles. Cryptocurrencies, like Bitcoin or Ethereum, can be invested in through cryptocurrency exchanges, brokers, or online platforms, but be sure to understand the risks involved.
Investing in real estate offers more control over your investment than stocks, as you can make changes and improvements to the property to increase its value. All improvements and upgrades made to the property are also tax deductible.
Here's a brief overview of the different types of alternative investments:
Using Other People's Money
You can invest in alternative investments like real estate with just 20% of the funds, thanks to other people's money. This is a unique benefit of real estate investing that you won't find in the stock market.
Private equity investments often require substantial capital, but hedge funds are typically only available to accredited investors with a high net worth and substantial investment capital.
In real estate, you can invest through various means such as buying rental properties, investing in Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), or investing in real estate crowdfunding platforms.
Investing in private equity firms, venture capital funds, or crowdfunding platforms can also provide access to other people's money for alternative investments.
Here's a breakdown of the different types of alternative investments and the typical investment requirements:
Investing in alternative investments can be complex, but using other people's money can make it more accessible.
Regulation and Standards
Alternative investments are often subject to a less clear legal structure than conventional investments. They do fall under the purview of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, but their practices are not overseen or regulated by the SEC as are mutual funds and ETFs.
Investors must conduct extensive due diligence when considering alternative investments. This is because alternative investments are prone to investment scams and fraud due to the lack of regulations.
To qualify as an accredited investor, you must have a net worth exceeding $1 million - not counting your primary residence - or an annual income of at least $200,000 (or $300,000 combined with a spousal income) in each of the two previous years.
Financial professionals who hold FINRA Series 7, 65, or 82 licenses may also qualify as accredited investors.
Regulations for alternative investments are less clear than they are for more traditional securities. Most alternative investment vehicles are only available to institutions or wealthy accredited investors.
Here is a summary of the regulatory standards for alternative investments:
Diversification and Portfolio Management
Diversification and Portfolio Management is key to maximizing the value of your portfolio. By investing in alternative investments, you can spread your risk and increase potential returns.
Exploring the alternative investments industry can be a great way to stand out in one of the fastest-growing fields in finance.
To assess potential investment opportunities, it's essential to gain the skills and strategies needed to evaluate alternative investments. You can learn more about alternative investments through online courses or financial resources.
The Alternative Investments course is a great place to start, offering a five-week online program that teaches you how to speak the language of alternative investments and make informed decisions.
Real Estate and Other Investments
Real estate is a popular alternative investment option, offering benefits like current cash flow from tenants and potential long-term appreciation in property value. It's also less volatile than traditional stocks and bonds.
Investors can buy and own property, collecting rent and benefiting from appreciation, but being a landlord can come with headaches like broken things and late rent payments. To avoid these issues, you can hire a property management company or form a partnership with like-minded investors.
Real estate investment trusts (REITs) allow investors to earn annual profits in the form of dividends or a share in the properties' profits, without the responsibility of being a landlord. Online investment platforms like PeerStreet and Fundrise also offer ways to invest in residential property without dealing with the day-to-day responsibilities.
Investing in farmland is another alternative that combines real estate and commodities, providing ongoing cash proceeds from operations and sales of commodities. This unique investment opportunity can offer a blend of physical, tangible land and potential cash flow.
Here are some benefits of investing in real estate and other alternatives:
- Low market correlation, providing opportunities for investment portfolio diversification and an inflation hedge.
- Lower volatility, as alternatives are not publicly traded.
- Ability to target personal interests and invest in niche projects.
- Opportunity to profit in falling markets, through short positions.
- Greater tax efficiency, due to the structure of many alternative assets.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between parallel fund and AIV?
A parallel fund is an umbrella entity for investors to participate in an alternative to the main fund, whereas an Alternative Investment Vehicle (AIV) allows investors to hold specific assets efficiently. AIVs offer more tailored investment options compared to parallel funds.
Sources
- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/alternative_investment.asp
- https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/what-are-alternative-investments
- https://www.allvuesystems.com/resources/what-are-alternative-investments/
- https://www.investopedia.com/investing/alternative-investments-stock-market/
- https://yieldi.com/investing-in-real-estate-vs-alternate-investment-vehicles/
Featured Images: pexels.com